A study of the priority substances of the Water Framework Directive ...

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..:::::::::: trichloromethane/chloroform ..:::76 � SFT: Miljøgifter i produkter; 2000 and 2001 and 2002 and 2003. � Källqvist, T., Carlberg, G. (SI): Økotoksikologisk karakterisering av miljøgifter. Fagrapport 1/87: Innledende karakterisering av avløpsvann fra sulfittcelluloseindustri med klorblekeri (Saugbruksforeningen i Halden). Norsk institutt for vannforskning (NIVA); 1987; 48 s. A study of the priority substances of the Water Framework Directive TA-2140/2005
33 Trifluralin � Trifluralin is an herbicide, mainly used as preemergence for grasses and broadleaves. � The sales of trifluralin as herbicide in Norway stopped in 1993. � The substance has been monitored but not found in marine or fresh water environments on Norwegian Mainland. � No further screening or monitoring is considered necessary. Production and use The main worldwide use of trifluralin is on soy beans and cotton. In EU use on horticulture, fruit, vegetables, vineyards have been dominant. Trifluralin is a key herbicide in oil seed rape and sunflower, and in fodder peas and small grains. Almost all use is preventive. In Norway trifluralin has been used against weed in Brassicaceae (crosswort, cabbage), peas and beans production. In 1974, 17 322 kilos of nitropreparates were imported (trifluralin beeing one of five nitropreparates). Between 1975 and 1978 53 566 kilos of anilines and uraciles were sold (probably 2 000 to 3 000 kg of trifluralin annually). Between 1979 and 1992 35 593 kilos of trifluralin were sold. Sales of trifluralin as herbicide were stopped in 1992-1993 by Norwegian authorities due to high persistence and bio-accumulation in aquatic organisms. Emissions, discharges, distribution and hot-spots Trifluralin emission has mainly been from agricultural use. Monitoring Trifluralin has been monitored in one study (Heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in sediments and fish from lakes in Northern and Arctic regions of Norway). Fresh water biota Fish in Northern Regions of Norway have been investigated. Trifluralin was not quantifiable in any of the samples analysed. Need for further screening and monitoring Trifluralin has not been used in Norway since 1993 and it has not been detected on FACTS Cas no.: 1582-09-8 Synonyms: 2,6-Dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-4-trifluoromethyl benzenamine; 2,6-Dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-4-trifluoromethyl anilinea; a,a-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N.Ndipropyl-p-toluidine. Crisalin, Elancolan, Flurene SE, Ipersan, L-36352, M.T.F., Su Seguro Carpidor, TR-10, Trefanocide, Treficon, Treflan, Tri-4, Trifluralina 600, Triflurex Trim, and Trust. Properties: Odourless, yellow-orange crystalline solid. Norwegian Mainland. There is no further need for screening or monitoring. Analysis The analysis of trifluralin is often part of multi pesticide packages offered by several laboratories. A study of the priority substances of the Water Framework Directive TA-2140/2005 trifluralin ::::::::::.. Toxic effects: Trifluralin is not considered acutely toxic to animals. Oral LD50 for rat >10 000 mg/kg. Inhalation may cause irritation, and it is irritating for eyes. Prolonged skin contact may cause allergies. The formulation may be more toxic than trifluralin. Chronic toxicity for dogs is 18,75 mg/kg/day. Trifluralin has very high toxicity to fish and other aquatic organisms. The 96-hour LC50 is 0,02 to 0,06 mg/l in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Trifluralin is also toxic to earthworms in large concentrations. (HSDB and EXTOXNET) The substance is a possible human carcinogen (IRIS) but it's not on the EU list of suspected endocrine disruptors. Concern has been raised about this effect and possible adverse effects on reproduction. Log Kow: 5,31 Persistence: Reported half-life is 45 days to 8 months in soil. Trifluralin is practically insoluble in water and has moderate tendency to bio-accumulate in aquatic life forms. (EXTOXNET) Half-life
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TA-2140/2005 A study of the priorit
Page 4 and 5:
..:::4 This report has been produce
Page 6 and 7:
..:::::::::: introduction ..:::6 IN
Page 8 and 9:
..:::::::::: methods ..:::8 METHODS
Page 10 and 11:
..:::::::::: priority substances in
Page 12 and 13:
..:::::::::: alachlor ..:::12 1 Ala
Page 14 and 15:
..:::::::::: anthracene ..:::14 2 A
Page 16 and 17:
..:::::::::: atrazine ..:::16 Syner
Page 18 and 19:
..:::::::::: benzene ..:::18 Synerg
Page 20 and 21:
..:::::::::: pentabromodiphenylethe
Page 22 and 23:
..:::::::::: cadmium and its compou
Page 24 and 25:
..:::::::::: C10-C13 chloroalkanes
Page 26 and 27: ..:::::::::: chlorfenvinphos ..:::2
Page 28 and 29: ..:::::::::: chlorpyrifos ..:::28 9
Page 30 and 31: ..:::::::::: dichloroethane (EDC) .
Page 32 and 33: ..:::::::::: dichloromethane ..:::3
Page 34 and 35: ..:::::::::: di(2-ethylhexyl)phthal
Page 36 and 37: ..:::::::::: diuron ..:::36 Diuron
Page 38 and 39: ..:::::::::: endosulfan ..:::38 Ref
Page 40 and 41: ..:::::::::: hexachlorobenzene (HCB
Page 42 and 43: ..:::::::::: hexachlorobenzene (HCB
Page 44 and 45: ..:::::::::: hexachlorocyclohexane
Page 46 and 47: ..:::::::::: lindane ..:::46 18b Li
Page 48 and 49: ..:::::::::: lindane ..:::48 (Envir
Page 50 and 51: ..:::::::::: isoproturon ..:::50 yn
Page 52 and 53: ..:::::::::: lead and its compounds
Page 54 and 55: ..:::::::::: mercury and its compou
Page 56 and 57: ..:::::::::: mercury and its compou
Page 58 and 59: ..:::::::::: nickel and nickel comp
Page 60 and 61: ..:::::::::: nonylphenols ..:::60 2
Page 62 and 63: ..:::::::::: octylphenols ..:::62 2
Page 64 and 65: ..:::::::::: pentachlorobenzene ..:
Page 66 and 67: ..:::::::::: pentachlorophenol/PCP
Page 68 and 69: ..:::::::::: polyaromatic hydrocarb
Page 70 and 71: ..:::::::::: simazine ..:::70 29 Si
Page 72 and 73: ..:::::::::: tributyltin compounds
Page 74 and 75: ..:::::::::: trichlorobenzene ..:::
Page 78 and 79: ..:::::::::: trifluralin ..:::78 Me
Page 80 and 81: ..:::::::::: copper ..:::80 a Coppe
Page 82 and 83: ..:::::::::: zinc ..:::82 b Zinc
Page 84 and 85: ..:::::::::: chromium ..:::84 c Chr
Page 86 and 87: ..:::::::::: arsenic ..:::86 d Arse
Page 88 and 89: ..:::::::::: PCB ..:::88 e PCB �
Page 90 and 91: ..:::::::::: PCB ..:::90 � St. me
Page 92 and 93: ..:::::::::: polychlorinated dibenz
Page 94 and 95: ..:::::::::: C14-C17 chloroalkanes
Page 96 and 97: ..:::::::::: perfluoroalkyl compoun
Page 98 and 99: ..:::::::::: appendix a ..:::98 (co
Page 100 and 101: ..:::::::::: appendix b ..:::100 Cl
Page 102 and 103: ..:::::::::: appendix c ..:::102 AP
Page 104: ..:::104 Utførende institusjon Ber
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