How to Grow More Vegetables : And Fruits, Nuts ... - Shroomery

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Master Charts LETTER CODES A — Approximate germination rate as sold by seed companies. No known minimum legal germination rate. Can be higher or lower. AA — Each “seed” contains about 3 seeds, of which half germinate. AC — Harvest alfalfa and clover 2 to 4 inches above the growing crown (sheep shears work well for this), loosen the soil with a border fork, water the bed, and cover the growing area with shade netting cloth for 1 to 2 weeks. B — In beds. BB — Soak seeds overnight for best germination. BC — Broadcast. C — Centers. c — Cups. CA — Cantaloupe. D — Do not know yet. E — Spacing increases with warmth of climate. EL — Extra-long–germinating seed (22 to 28 days). F — In flats. FA — Fall. G — Best “seed” is a seed packet of 2 to 6 seeds, of which approximately 1.62 germinate. H — Honeydew. I — Transplant into 1- to 5-gallon container as appropriate. Raise sapling until 1 year old. Then transplant into soil. J — Germination average in laboratory. K — Straw weight is generally 1 to 3+ times harvested and cleaned seed weight for GROW BIOINTENSIVEly grown grains, 1 to 2 times for grains grown with commercial agriculture (Roger Revelle in Scientific American, September 1976). L —Long-germinating seed (8 to 21 days). LG — Transplant seedling when larger— about 6 inches tall. M — Cook to minimize oxalic acid, calcium tie-up. N — Narrow bed (2 feet wide) will produce better yields due to improved pollination. P — Perennial. Q — Celery is pricked out into a third flat, 6 inches deep, on 2-inch centers, where it grows for a further 4 to 6 weeks until it is ready to be transplanted. The seedlings may be 4 inches tall. Overall, it takes 3 to 4 months from sowing until transplanting. qt — Quarts. R — Replant at points where germination fails. We call this “spotting.” S — Short-germinating seed (1 to 7 days). SN — During hot weather, cover with shade netting cloth between approximately 10 A.M. and 5 P.M. for better results. SP — Spring. SU — Summer. T — Tablespoon. t — Teaspoon. TO — 18 inches for cherry tomatoes; 21 inches for regular tomatoes; 24 inches for large tomatoes. Sequential information in columns D, H, and I should be used according to spacing chosen. U — A 1-pound loaf of bread requires 2 ⁄ 3 pound flour (21 ⁄ 2 cups). V — Approximate minimum. W — 12 or 15 inches for midget varieties; 18 inches for 5- to 7-pound varieties; 21 inches for 10- to 15-pound varieties; 24 inches for largest varieties. WI — Winter. Y — Estimate. Z — Based on Ecology Action experience, half of the garlic cloves are large enough to use, on the average. * — Digestible protein for animals. ** — Depending on variety selected. — — Not applicable. # — First set of figures: summer sowing in lathhouse for fall set-out or winter sowing in areas with a less cold winter and a greenhouse for spring set-out. Second set of figures: winter sowing in a good greenhouse or a miniature greenhouse in areas with very cold winters for spring set-out. Harden off for 2 days outside in flat before transplanting into bed. ## — If direct sowing on centers, rather than broadcasting, plant 2 seeds per center to compensate for low germination rate. + — Yield may be significantly higher. ++ — Given harvest time in column O. SEED PROPAGATION 87
VEGETABLES AND GARDEN CROPS A PLANT 1Artichoke, Jerusalem Sprouted 2 oz tuber pieces — 10.5 lbs / — Tubers: 1.20–5.00+ D 2Artichoke, Regular From divided roots or seeds Seeds: .70 3 roots / — D D 20.7 3 Asparagus 875–1,250 .70 9.5 / 19 / 38 .06–.24 6.2 A Tubers: 100 / 206 / 420+ Biomass, air-dry: ~75 / ~15 / ~30 .32 / 1 t or 159 roots 4 Basil 12,000 .60 .09 / 1 t 35 / 75 / 150 .06–.24 D Baby: 75–94 Regular: Regular: 25–38 35.5–23.3 / 6 Baby: 35–90 Regular: 25–38 3 ⁄16–33 ⁄4 c Regular: 18.3–12 / 33 ⁄16 –2 c 5 Beans, Lima, Bush .70 Dry: 11.5 / 17.2 / 23 0.02–.04 4.6 6 Beans, Lima, Pole N .70 Dry: 11.5+ / 17.2+ / 23+ .04+ –.07+ 4.6+ 7 Beans, Snap, Bush 100–125 .70 8.8–7.0 / 1 30 / 72 / 108 .05–.17 12.9 1 ⁄2 –11 ⁄8 c 8Beans, Snap, PoleN 100–125 .70 8.8–7.0 / 1 30+ / 72+ / 108+ .05+ –.17+ 12.9+ 1 ⁄2 –11 ⁄8 c 9 Beets, Cylindra 1,500–1,625 .65 1.4–1.3 / 6 T AA 10 Beets, Regular 1,500–1,625 .65 1.4–1.3 / 6 T AA 11 Broccoli 9,000 .75 .01 / 1 ⁄24 t 12 Brussels Sprouts 9,000 .70 .01 / 1 ⁄24 t 71 / 106 / 142 1.34–2.68 36.7 13 Burdock 1,700 .60 1.3 / 4 T 75 / 150 / 300 .06–.22 D 14 Cabbage, Chinese 9,000 .75 .03 / 1 ⁄8 t 96 / 191 / 383 .48–1.91 72.1 15 Cabbage, Regular 9,000 .75 96 / 191 / 383 .60–7.22 “72.1” 16 Carrots 18,750–25,000 .55 .2 / 11 ⁄4 t BB Roots: 100 / 150 / 400+ .04–.16 76.2 17 Cauliflower 9,000 .75 .01 / 1 ⁄24 t 44 / 100 / 291 .52–3.46 35.8 18 Celery 72,000 .55 .016 / 1 .007 / ⁄24 t 240 / 480 / 959+ .39–1.54 152.0 1 ⁄24 t 19 Chard, Swiss 1,500 .65 33 / 11 ⁄2 TAA 200 / 405 / 810 .62–2.5 D 20 Collards, Annual & Perennial 9,000 .80 .022 / 1 ⁄8 t 96 / 191 / 383 .60–2.41 D 21 Corn, Sweet 112–156 .75 1.0–.72 / 2–1 c 15� C: .20–.81 25.5 22 Cucumbers 938–1,000 .80 .2 / 11 ⁄4 T 158 / 316 / 581 1.00–3.65 45.2 23 Eggplant 6,500 .60 .014 / 1 ⁄12 t 54 / 108 / 163 1.02–3.08 55.1 24 Garlic Cloves: 12 .5 Z Biomass, air-dry: 12 / 24 / 48 20 lbs / 10 qt bulbs 60 / 120 / 240+ .04–.18+ 33.3 25 Horseradish Live roots used — 159 roots / — D D D 26 Kale 9,000 .75 .01 / 1 ⁄24 t 76 / 114 / 153 .90–1.82 “16.0” 27 Kohlrabi 9,000 .75 .20 / 1 ⁄16 t 67 / 135 / 270 .05–.20 D 28 Leeks 12,500 .60 .1 / 3 ⁄8 t 240 / 480 / 960 .39–1.55 D 29 Lettuce, Head 25,000 .80 .008 / 1 ⁄8 t 75 / 150 / 300 .47–1.89 73.5 30 Lettuce, Leaf 25,000 .80 .016 / .012 / 1 ⁄ 4 t 135 / 202 / 540 8� C: .42–1.69 9� C: .54–2.18 51.2 88 SEED PROPAGATION SEED YIELD B C D E F G Approx. No. Seeds per Ounce 12 (range: larger–smaller seed) Minimum Legal Germination Rate 13 14, 15, 16 Ounces / Volume Seed per 100 Square Feet (adj. for germ. rate, offset spacing, and curv. surf.) .023 / 012 / Possible GROW BIOINTENSIVE Yield in Pounds per 100-Square-Foot Planting 17 Roots: 110 / 220 / 540 Greens: 55 / 110 / 270 Roots: 55 / 110 / 270 Greens: 55 / 110 / 270 Heads: 26 / 39 / 53 Leaves: 52+ / 78+ / 106+ Shelled, wet: 17 / 34 / 68 Possible GROW BIOINTENSIVE .08–.40 .04–.20 .04–.20 .04–.20 .31–.63 .62–1.26 Yield in Pounds per Plant 18, 19 20, 21 Average U.S. Yield in Pounds per 100 Square Feet “68.0” D “34.0” D 29.6 D
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1972 Ecology Action begins a 1 ⁄
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How to A Primer on the Life-Giving
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Copyright © 1974, 1979, 1982, 1990
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1 2 3 4 5 6 Contents A Perspective
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What are the dimensions of this cha
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“Our future security now depends
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“The Jeavons approach has done mo
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xiv HOW TO GROW MADE SIMPLE How to
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xvi HOW TO GROW MADE SIMPLE Area-ef
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xviii A GENERAL PREFACE Yields can
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xx A GENERAL PREFACE Robin Leler Je
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xxii AN HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION An
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xxiv AN HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION exc
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“Nothing happens in living nature
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insect problems. Eventually, trace
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Between the 1920s and 1930s, Alan C
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As you become skilled, the double-d
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The proper tools will make the work
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3a. 4. get used to!). However, peop
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You can move the soil with the spad
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. at a later poi
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12. 13. 1. 2. 3. 4. indicates. U-ba
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carrot cauliflower beet Once this b
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Good soil preparation makes GROW BI
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farm’s soil being able to produce
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The Need for up to “99%” Sustai
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How to Better Sustain Your Soil’s
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CLARIFICATIONS AND EXAMPLES FOR THE
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“Although funding was not availab
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Despite its worldwide impact, Ecolo
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Qualitatively, some people feel tha
Page 66 and 67: exchange for plants in the soil. Th
Page 68 and 69: ehydrate the dry material until it
Page 70 and 71: CROSS SECTION OF A GROW BIOINTENSIV
Page 72 and 73: Size and Timing A minimum compost p
Page 74 and 75: Other people use green manures—co
Page 76 and 77: FUNCTIONS OF COMPOST IN THE SOIL Im
Page 78 and 79: 5 Fertilization Goal: Build and mai
Page 80 and 81: NITROGEN (N), PHOSPHORUS (P), AND P
Page 82 and 83: grown in a small area that is “re
Page 84 and 85: Eggshells help break up clay and re
Page 86 and 87: SOIL pH SCALE 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6
Page 88 and 89: ed and walking across the board. If
Page 90 and 91: The balanced ecosystem: “Nothing
Page 92 and 93: Seeds, whether they are planted in
Page 94 and 95: Now that you have prepared your GRO
Page 96 and 97: The critical distance above and bel
Page 98 and 99: will suffer root shock. Results are
Page 100 and 101: the cabbage family.) If a plant ben
Page 102 and 103: has been sufficient during previous
Page 104 and 105: Watering with a wand: Water falls i
Page 106 and 107: first 2 inches and continues to be
Page 108 and 109: KEY WATER FACTORS The GROW BIOINTEN
Page 110 and 111: Weeding Intensively planted raised
Page 112 and 113: SOIL TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS FOR VEG
Page 114 and 115: through composting whenever possibl
Page 118 and 119: H I J K L1L2 L3 L4 M1 M2 M3 M4 K N
Page 120 and 121: YIELDS MISCELLANEOUS NUTRITION NOTE
Page 122 and 123: M2 H I J K L1L2 L3 L4 M1 M3 M4 N O
Page 126 and 127: H I J K L 1 L 2 L 3 L 4 M 1 M 2 M 3
Page 138 and 139: H I J K L M N O P Q R In-Bed Spacin
Page 142 and 143: H I J K L M N O P Q R In-Bed Spacin
Page 146 and 147: NOTES ON THE PLANNING CHARTS SEED P
Page 148 and 149: HERB SPACING CHART Height Inches Ap
Page 150 and 151: 7 Making the Garden Plan Goal: Maxi
Page 152 and 153: When choosing a site for your garde
Page 154 and 155: 6 weeks after last frost __________
Page 156 and 157: 12 weeks after last frost _________
Page 158 and 159: ONE-PERSON MINI-GARDEN, SECOND YEAR
Page 160 and 161: Early Spring- Early Summer (Bed 1)
Page 162 and 163: 3 weeks after last frost __________
Page 164 and 165: ONE-PERSON MINI-GARDEN, FOURTH YEAR
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Spring (Bed 1) Spring (Bed 2) basil
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3 weeks after last frost __________
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dwarf plum dwarf apple dwarf aprico
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together of all those elements and
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the upper layers of the soil. It ha
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An easier, and probably just as eff
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should be planted at the north side
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Birds, Bees, and Other Animals—So
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Parsley Tomatoes, asparagus Compani
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Peppermint Planted among cabbages,
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Paying attention to the soil and to
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Toads, Snakes, and Spiders—They a
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most of them in the first 3 nights.
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INSECT PESTS AND PLANT CONTROLS 5 I
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Bibliography Ecology Action’s Bou
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Baylor, Byrd. The Desert Is Theirs.
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Swingle, Walter T. A., et al. “Mi
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Eames-Sheavly, Marcia. The Great Am
Page 202 and 203:
University of California Communicat
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*McDougall, John A., and Mary A. Mc
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Smith, Marney. Growing Your Own Foo
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Shirley, Christopher, and The New F
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Hur, Robin. Food Reform: Our Desper
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Service, Texas A&M University Syste
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Emmaus, PA: Rodale Press. 1961. 926
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Swezey, Lauren Bonar. “From Seed
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Dowdeswell, W. H. Hedgerows and Ver
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The Story of Grains and Vegetables.
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Fertile Waste: Dealing Ecologically
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Timber Press, 1996. 479 pp. Rincon-
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LEARNING/TEACHING • “LIVING FAR
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McRobie, George. Small Is Possible.
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Biologische Tuinzaden. 83 De Bolste
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McClure and Zimmerman. P.O. Box 368
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Winterthur. Winterthur, DE 19735. R
Page 236 and 237:
Berkelaar, Edward, Ph.D. “The Eff
Page 238 and 239:
Matter as Critical Components of Pr
Page 240 and 241:
Sustainability of California Agricu
Page 242 and 243:
Crawford, Martin. Chestnuts. Dartin
Page 244 and 245:
Atkins, George. “Growing Crops on
Page 246 and 247:
Harrison, S. G., et al. The Oxford
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WhoIsEcology Action? Ecology Action
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200 square feet in a 6-month growin
Page 252 and 253:
Pounds of food produced per hour =
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Ecology Action Publications Beeby,
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Shepard, Michael, and John Jeavons.
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Inspiration. 6 topics, 13 pp. The b
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Help in Kenya You can help support
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Index African daisy, 118 Agricultur
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Flea beetle, black, 163 Flies, 163
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Raspberries, 112-15, 182, 183 Refer
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More Gardening Books from Ten Speed
Page 272 and 273:
American Biointensive mini-farming
Page 274 and 275:
promotores and residents of mestiza
Page 276:
Juan Manuel Martinez, director of t
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