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Fundamental Food Microbiology, Third Edition - Fuad Fathir

Fundamental Food Microbiology, Third Edition - Fuad Fathir

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OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGENS, PARASITES, AND ALGAL TOXINS 415<br />

\<br />

QUESTIONS<br />

1. Define an opportunistic pathogen. Briefly explain how Aer. hydrophila can be<br />

considered an opportunistic pathogen?<br />

2. Briefly discuss the possibility of causing foodborne gastroenteritis by Ple. shigelloides.<br />

3. Name three noncoliforms that may be associated with human foodborne gastroenteritis.<br />

What evidence can be given to justify them as the causative agents for<br />

gastroenteritis?<br />

4. Discuss the importance of psychrotrophic Bacillus spp. as a possible causative<br />

agent for foodborne gastroenteritis. Why can the consumption of pasteurized milk<br />

stored in the refrigerator for a long time be associated with gastroenteritis caused<br />

by psychrotrophic Bacillus spp.?<br />

5. Discuss the role of microorganisms in histamine poisoning from the consumption<br />

of some ripened cheeses, old fermented sausages, and fish. Name the important<br />

microbial species that can be associated with scombroid poisoning. Suggest the<br />

preventative methods.<br />

6. Why is ciguatera poisoning more prevalent with foods served at home? How can<br />

one prevent the incidents?<br />

7. List the types of shellfish poisoning. What are their major symptoms?<br />

8. List the major causes of trichinosis in humans. How can the incidence be reduced?<br />

9. Discuss the reasons of foodborne anisakiasis, taeniasis, and toxoplasmosis in<br />

humans and explain how their incidence can be reduced.<br />

10. List four protozoan diseases transmitted through foods in humans. Discuss the<br />

importance of intestinal protozoan diseases of food origin in humans. Which foods<br />

are more often associated with these diseases and how can they be reduced?

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