Fundamental Food Microbiology, Third Edition - Fuad Fathir

424 FUNDAMENTAL FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
Table 28.6 Pathogens Isolated from Minimally Processed (Cooked) Foods of Animal
Origin
Products Pathogens
Roast and corned beef Lis. monocytogenes, Salmonella
Ham and luncheon meat Lis. monocytogenes, Salmonella
Comminuted products: hot dogs, wieners,
bratwurst, salami, bologna, sausage, etc.
Lis. monocytogenes, Salmonella
Jerky Lis. monocytogenes, Salmonella, Esc. coli
O157:H7
Poultry products: whole, fried parts, nuggets,
sliced, etc.
Lis. monocytogenes, Salmonella
Meat salads: different types Lis. monocytogenes, Salmonella
Fully cooked meat patties Esc. coli O157:H7
Dry and semidry sausages: pepperoni, Lis. monocytogenes, Salmonella, Esc. coli
salami, summer sausage etc.
O157:H7, staphylococcal enterotoxins
Cheeses: soft, blue-veined mold-ripened Lis. monocytogenes
Seafoods: smoked, salads Lis. monocytogenes
Source: Adapted from Levine, P., Rose, B., Green, S., Ransom, G., and Hill, W., J. Food
Prot., 64, 1188, 2001, and Gombas, D.E., Chen, Y., Clavero, R.S., and Scott, V.N., J. Food
Prot., 66, 559, 2003.
which the products come in contact. Consumption of the contaminated products can
result in foodborne disease by pathogens, many of which are new and emerging.
D. New Food-Processing Technology
Because of economic reasons, one of the objectives of food processors is to produce
a product in large volume and at a faster rate in a centralized plant. Handling a food
in large volumes has its disadvantages; accidental contamination of the product by
a pathogen can cause a foodborne disease outbreak among large numbers of people
over a large area. If the outbreak is due to a pathogen previously unrecognized (or
recognized from sporadic incidences), the chance of its being isolated and identified
is much higher. An outbreak affecting 220 people from the consumption of chocolate
milk produced by a processor led to the examination for other possible suspects,
along with those routinely tested, and resulted in the identification of Yer. enterocolitica
as a new foodborne pathogen. 3
For faster production, equipment may be designed without much prior consideration
of possible microbiological problems, particularly with foodborne pathogens.
An incident of listeriosis from the consumption of hot dogs contaminated with Lis.
monocytogenes is an example. Lis. monocytogenes strains were isolated from many
types of foods, including ready-to-eat hot dogs and other processed meat products.
Epidemiological investigations have also suspected that sporadic listeriosis in
humans could be caused by the consumption of foods contaminated with Lis. monocytogenes,
including hot dogs. In 1989, for the first time in the U.S., a case of human
listeriosis was linked to eating ready-to-eat hot dogs because the same serotype
(1/2a) of Lis. monocytogenes was isolated from the person who ate the hot dogs,
from the remaining refrigerated hot dogs in the opened package, and from hot dogs
from unopened retail packages produced in the same processing facility. Subsequently,
regulatory agencies tested products, line samples, and environmental sam-