Neftegaz.RU #3-17 ENG
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
SPECIAL SECTION<br />
Classifier<br />
ROLLING DRILLING TOOL<br />
1.1 The equipment<br />
for oil and gas<br />
extracting<br />
1.1.1 Drilling equipment<br />
and instruments<br />
1.1.1.1.5 Drilling tools<br />
In drilling the wells the most<br />
widely used the rolling drilling<br />
bits. They performed yearly<br />
about 85% from the penetration<br />
volume in our country and abroad.<br />
On the operating principle it is<br />
breaking and shearing instrument.<br />
According to the design, rolling<br />
drilling bit is related to the<br />
mechanisms, as it has the rotation<br />
parts, positioned on the support<br />
bearing devices.<br />
The most popular is three-rolling<br />
drilling bit. The design of such bit<br />
allows the best way mechanism<br />
of the instrument to fit into the<br />
cylindrical well with three cone<br />
roller hits. At than it is ensured<br />
the appropriate centering and the<br />
constancy of performance the<br />
hit. Three rolling drilling bits are<br />
produced as sectional (without<br />
housing).<br />
Sectional three rolling drilling bit is<br />
made from the sections, welded<br />
together on all external loop of the<br />
contact surfaces. At that the upper<br />
segments of the sections for the<br />
connection head, on which the<br />
conical external thread is cut. The<br />
middle part makes a whole in the<br />
result of welding the shoes. On<br />
the external surface of the shoes,<br />
reaming lugs, beads and stiffening<br />
plates and round semi cylindrical<br />
nozzle boss are provided. Nozzles<br />
are fixed with the capture lock.<br />
The Sealing of the gapping<br />
between the nozzle and internal<br />
wall of the cavity is provided with<br />
the rubber sealing.<br />
Shirttail is usually protected with<br />
anti-abrasive coating. On the<br />
back of the roller hit the protection<br />
coating with good resistance to<br />
the abrasion of the calibrated<br />
surface, divided by one of the<br />
cone surface of the roller hit<br />
housing is overlaid. The tip of<br />
the first roller hit is made with the<br />
spade-shaped elements.<br />
On the upper butt end of the<br />
connection head the size, fabric<br />
number and frilling bit type, trade<br />
mark and batch number of the<br />
drilling bits is punched.<br />
Internal elements of the<br />
drilling bit<br />
The support of the roller hit is<br />
usually consists of the projecting<br />
central shaft, making a whole with<br />
the lug and bearings, allowing free<br />
rotation of the roller bit relating to<br />
the central shaft and transferring<br />
the axial and radial loads. One of<br />
the bearings simultaneously with<br />
the specified functions perform the<br />
role of the locking, fixing device,<br />
supporting the roller hit on the<br />
center shaft from the longitudinal<br />
displacement. So, such bearing<br />
is called locking. As a rule, it is<br />
made as ball bearing. Its balls are<br />
established in the corresponding<br />
hole through the cylindrical pass,<br />
drilled in the central shaft and<br />
locked after its installation with the<br />
special part, called locking plug.<br />
This part has a shape of the bar<br />
and performs the function of the<br />
plug, coming into the pass and not<br />
allowing the balls to roll out of the<br />
track.<br />
[3] <strong>Neftegaz</strong>.<strong>RU</strong> ~ 77