Final NB 2016-2017 Turley

The Learning Goal for this assignment is:
The students will learn what are the factors that determine and characteristics
that distinguish gases liquids and solids and how substances change from one
state to another.
Take note over the following chapter. Use the Headings provided to organize your notes. Define and number all highlighted vocabulary (total 23 ) as well
as summarize the sections. You may add pictures where needed. The pictures should be an appropriate size. Use Arial 12 for all text. This document
should be 3 pages and should be saved as a pdf before you submit it into Angel.
13.1 The Nature of Gases
Chapter 13 States of Matter
Pages 420 - 439
Kinetic Theory and a Model for Gases
Kinetic energy 1 - is the energy an object has because of its motion.
Kinetic theory 2 - is the theory that all matter consists of tiny particles that are in constant motion.
-Three assumptions of the kinetic theory as it applies to gasses
1. The particles in a gas are considered to be small, hard spheres with an insignificant volume.
2. The motion of the particles in a gas is rapid, constant, and random.
3. All collisions between particles in a gas are perfectly elastic.
-During an elastic collision kinetic energy is transferred without loss of particles and the kinetic energy
remains constant.
-The reason gases don’t have a definite shape comes from the constant moving particles.
Gas Pressure
Gas pressure 3 - Results from the force exerted by a gas per unit surface area of an object.
Vaccum 4 - Empty space with no pressure or no particles.
Atmospheric Pressure 5 - The amount of collisions of atoms and molecules in the air.
Barometer 6 - Device that is used to measure atmospheric pressure.
Pascal(Pa) 7 - The SI unit of pressure which represents very small amounts of
pressure.
Standard Atmosphere 8 - The amount of pressure required to support 760 mm of
mercury in a mercury barometer at 25 C.
Numerical Relationship:1 tam = 760mm Hg= 101.3 KPa
-Moving bodies exerts this type of force when they collide with other bodies.
-The particles are moving bodies in a gas, but only exert small forces among
collisions.
-Kinetic theory can help explain gas theory because gas pressure is the result of
billions of rapidly moving particles in a gas simultaneously colliding with an object.
Kinetic Energy and Temperature
-Particles absorb energy upon being heated.
-When the energy is being stored within the particle this is known as potential energy.
-the increase of kinetic energy results in an increase of temperature.
For Example- When boiling a pot of water, the kinetic energy will increase as the energy increases
causing a liquid to evaporate into a gas.
-average kinetic energy is a range based on the different levels of kinetic energy and the one that is
most common based on temperature.
-The kelvin temperature represents the relationship between the temperature and the amount of
kinetic energy.
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