Report on Progress Toward Security and Stability in - United States ...

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8.7: GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL STATES ............................................................................ 109 ANNEX A: SECURITY METRICS .................................................................................................. 110 A.1: TOTAL SECURITY INCIDENTS ........................................................................................... 110 A.2: ENEMY-INITIATED ATTACKS ............................................................................................ 113 A.3: ENEMY-INITIATED ATTACKS BY REGIONAL COMMAND ................................................... 114 RC-CAPITAL ........................................................................................................................ 114 RC-WEST ............................................................................................................................ 115 RC-EAST ............................................................................................................................. 116 RC-NORTH .......................................................................................................................... 117 RC-SOUTHWEST .................................................................................................................. 118 RC-SOUTH ........................................................................................................................... 119 A.4: IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICE ACTIVITY ..................................................................... 120 A.5: COMPLEX AND COORDINATED ATTACKS ......................................................................... 121 A.6: CACHES FOUND................................................................................................................ 122 ANNEX B: CONGRESSIONAL LEGISLATION ............................................................................... 123 ANNEX C: GLOSSARY ................................................................................................................. 130 IV
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 Since initial publication in June 2008, the <strong>Report</strong> on Progress Toward Security and Stability in Afghanistan has provided the U.S. Congress semi-annual assessments on developments in Afghanistan and the state of the international coalition’s civil-military campaign. The June 2008 report presented a bleak assessment of the situation in Afghanistan: “The Taliban regrouped after its fall from power and have coalesced into a resilient insurgency.” A year later the situation had declined further; as noted in the June 2009 report: “The security situation continued to deteriorate in much of Afghanistan.” However, these trends gradually began to change as shifts in strategy were supported by critical resources, and in November 2010, the report for the first time highlighted “modest gains in security, governance, and development in operational priority areas,” noting as well their uneven and fragile character. The last three iterations reported that progress has continued to expand, with the most recent report in October 2011 highlighting “important security gains” and “reversal of violence trends in much of the country.” During the current reporting period of October 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012, the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) and its Afghan partners have continued to build on and expand this progress. The year 2011 saw the first year-over-year decline in nationwide enemy-initiated attacks in five years. These trends have continued in 2012. The performance of the Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) and the close partnership between the ANSF and ISAF have been keys to this success. As a result, the ANSF continue to develop into a force capable of assuming the lead for security responsibility throughout Afghanistan. Security progress and the development of the ANSF during the reporting period have enabled the security Transition process to continue in accordance with Lisbon Summit commitments. As of the end of the reporting period, nearly 50 percent of Afghans were living in areas where the ANSF have begun to assume the lead for security. Despite these and other positive trends during the reporting period, the campaign also continued to face both long-term and acute challenges. The Taliban-led insurgency and its al Qaeda affiliates still operate with impunity from sanctuaries in Pakistan. The insurgency’s safe haven in Pakistan, as well as the limited capacity of the Afghan Government, remain the biggest risks to the process of turning security gains into a durable and sustainable Afghanistan. The insurgency benefits from safe havens inside Pakistan with notable operational and regenerative capacity. The insurgency remains a resilient and determined enemy and will likely attempt to regain lost ground and influence this spring and summer through assassinations, intimidation, high-profile attacks, and the emplacement of improvised explosive devices (IEDs). Additionally, the Afghan Government continues to face widespread corruption that limits its effectiveness and legitimacy and bolsters insurgent messaging. 1 This report is submitted consistent with both House Resolution 2219 (<strong>Report</strong> 112-110) and Section 1230 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008 (Public Law 110-181), as amended. It includes a description of the comprehensive strategy of the United States for security and stability in Afghanistan. This report is the ninth in a series of reports required every 180 days through fiscal year 2014 and has been prepared in coordination with the Secretary of State, the Office of Management and Budget, the Attorney General, the Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration, the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, and the Secretary of Agriculture. This assessment complements other reports and information about Afghanistan provided to Congress; however, it is not intended as a single source of all information about the combined efforts or the future strategy of the United States, its coalition partners, or Afghanistan. The information contained in this report is current as of September 30, 2011. NOTE: This is a historical document that covers progress in Afghanistan from October 1, 2011, to March 31, 2012. The next report will include an analysis of progress toward security and stability from April 1, 2012, to September 30, 2012. 1
Page 2 and 3: Cover Image: An Afghan National Arm
Page 4 and 5: 2.6: FIELDED FORCE PARTNERING, OPER
Page 8 and 9: The relationship between ISAF and t
Page 10 and 11: lost territory and influence in the
Page 12 and 13: key elements of the insurgency rema
Page 14 and 15: (INTENTIONALLY BLANK) 8
Page 16 and 17: Caldwell (US Army), who had been in
Page 18 and 19: Reconstruction Team (PRT) by the en
Page 20 and 21: Despite progress, the ANSF will con
Page 22 and 23: Figure 3: Ministry of Defense and G
Page 24 and 25: Figure 4: Ministry of Interior Capa
Page 26 and 27: 2.3: INSTITUTIONAL TRAINER AND MENT
Page 28 and 29: ates fluctuated throughout the repo
Page 30 and 31: Figure 8: ANA Officer End-Strength
Page 32 and 33: and growth of a Special Operations
Page 34 and 35: AAF CAPACITY The NATO Air Training
Page 36 and 37: such as the Afghan National Civil O
Page 38 and 39: and NCOs will need to meet the need
Page 40 and 41: partnered with ISAF SOF in high-ris
Page 42 and 43: The ANP remains under-equipped as a
Page 44 and 45: Figure 11: ANSF-ISAF Partnering Rel
Page 46 and 47: Figure 13: ANA Partnering Status Cy
Page 48 and 49: Figure 15: ANSF-ISAF Partnered Oper
Page 50 and 51: Figure 18: ANA Kandak Assessment Fi
Page 52 and 53: Funding for police salaries, as wel
Page 54 and 55: force integration process, ITAG was
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(INTENTIONALLY BLANK) 49
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3.2: CURRENT STATE OF TRANSITION Fi
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The insurgency is funded from a var
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4.3: ISAF CONCEPT OF MILITARY OPERA
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By the end of the 2011 fighting sea
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in the provincial capital of Lashka
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continued transition process. Force
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Figure 22: ALP Disposition (as of M
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of negotiation. The advisory group
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Together, coalition forces and the
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In November 2011, the Executive Boa
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ASGP-II is a multi-donor project th
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activities of the ROLFF-A in suppor
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facilities to full Afghan Governmen
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INTERAGENCY COUNTER-CORRUPTION EFFO
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criminal network that operated in t
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Improvements in facilities have led
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Baraq to Darisuf in Samangan Provin
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development in key sectors that hav
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development. The program employs ma
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number of registered women-owned bu
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Figure 25: Quarterly Comparison of
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information obtained through the JW
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crew members to fly and maintain Mi
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and military operations by analyzin
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Pakistan continues to seek a stable
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Further, on February 17, Iranian Pr
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8.7: GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL STATE
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Figure 26: Enemy-Initiated Attacks
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A.2: ENEMY-INITIATED ATTACKS EIAs -
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RC-WEST From October 2011 - March 2
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RC-NORTH From October 2011 - March
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RC-SOUTH From October 2011 - March
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A.5: COMPLEX AND COORDINATED ATTACK
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Annex B: Congressional Legislation
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(ii) Clarify the chain of command,
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(d) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED: PERFORM
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(II) unemployment and poverty level
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CNJC Afghan Counternarcotics Judici
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RC-N Regional Command North RC-S Re
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135
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