English for Business Life Elementary

Words ending in -s usually add -'s.
e.g. Charles's bag is there.
We usually use of tor inanimate/not living things,
e.g. The end of the week is Friday.
The top of the desk is wet.
But there are exceptions. We use - 's with days and months,
e.g. Did you read yesterday's newspaper?
Last m onth's sales figures were excellent.
For job titles and departments, we can use -'s or of.
e.g. They are waiting for the CEO's arrival.
They're waiting for the arrival of the CEO.
The sales departm ent's number is 223644.
The number of the sales department is 223644.
11 PRONOUNS
11.1 Subject and object pronouns
Subject Object
I me
you you e.g. Are you Bill Smith? Yes, I am.
he him Is John from ICT? No, h e is not (isn't)
she her Do you know the managing director?
it it Yes, I know him very well.
we us I gave th em the information.
you you
they them
With some verbs, the object pronoun can either go before the
verb, or after the verb with to.
e.g. Can you send m e the brochure.
or Can you send the brochure to m e.
11.2 Possessive adjectives and pronouns
A djective Pronoun
my
mine
your yours e.g. That's m y car.
his his That car is m ine.
her hers Are they your customers?
its - They aren't ours.
our
ours
your
yours
their
theirs
11.3 Reflexive/em phatic pronouns
myself ourselves
yourself yourselves
himself themselves
herself itself
e.g. Did you pack your suitcase yourself?
They talked about th em selves.
Each other
e.g. We write to each other once a month, (not We write to
ourselves...)
Somebody else
e.g. I didn't write that letter - it was som ebody else.
Do you usually go on holiday by yourself or with
som eb ody else?
12 DEMONSTRATIVES
12.1 this, that, these and those
This and these are used with people or things that are close to
the speaker.
e.g. This telephone is out of order.
This is my boss.
These books are very interesting.
It's up these stairs.
That and those are both used with people or things that are not
close to the speaker.
e.g. That woman is an accountant.
What's th a t building?
Production is in th o se buildings.
Those books are not mine.
13 QUANTIFIERS
13.1 some, any and no
We usually use some in affirmative ('yes') sentences, and in
negative ('no') sentences.
A ffirm ative
N egative
There's som e coffee. There isn't any coffee.
I've got som e letters. I haven't got any letters.
not any = no
e.g. I'm sorry, there isn't any more chicken.
= There is (There's) no more chicken.
I've got n o free time.
= I h ave n o t (haven't) got any free time.
(not I've got any free time.)
In most questions, we use any.
e.g. Is there any coffee?
Have you got any stamps?
We normally use some when we offer things,
e.g. Would you like som e coffee?
Would you like som e more milk?
Reference section 105