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XVII - Master Paintings - Jean Luc Baroni and Marty de Cambiaire

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Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida<br />

Valencia 1863 – Madrid 1923<br />

18<br />

Portrait of the Painter Francesco Santoro, Rome 1887<br />

Oil on canvas<br />

Dedicated, signed <strong>and</strong> dated upper right A mi querido/ amigo Santoro/ J. Sorolla/ 87 <strong>and</strong> bears inscription on<br />

the back Francesco Santoro/ 32 via Porta Pinciana, Roma<br />

76 x 48.5 cm (30 x 19 in.)<br />

Provenance<br />

Private Collection, Italy.<br />

Literature<br />

The painting will be inclu<strong>de</strong>d as no. BPS 4933, Retrato <strong>de</strong>l pintor Francesco R. Santoro, in Dr Blanca Pons-<br />

Sorolla’s forthcoming catalogue raisonné of Sorolla’s work.<br />

In this magnificently free <strong>and</strong> confi<strong>de</strong>nt portrait,<br />

Sorolla has captured the striking appearance <strong>and</strong> force<br />

of personality of his fellow painter Francesco Santoro<br />

(1844-1927). The two artists met in Rome where<br />

Sorolla stayed in 1886-87. The scholarship that he had<br />

received in 1885 from the Provincial <strong>de</strong>putation of<br />

Valencia facilitated his studies in Rome <strong>and</strong> later in<br />

Paris where he went following the advice oh his friend<br />

<strong>and</strong> patron Pedro Gil Moreno <strong>de</strong> Mora. The latter, an<br />

amateur artist himself <strong>and</strong> intimately acquainted with<br />

several eminent Parisian artists, perfectly un<strong>de</strong>rstood<br />

the cardinal importance of this city for cultural<br />

<strong>de</strong>velopment. There Sorolla’s greatest admiration was<br />

reserved for the work of Edouard Manet; this portrait<br />

with its powerful draughtsmanship <strong>and</strong> bravura colour<br />

brushwork expresses the explosive effect the visit to<br />

Paris had on this young painter who here, at the age<br />

of 24, has produced a work of such extraordinary<br />

technical power <strong>and</strong> maturity. The sitter, portrayed in<br />

bust-length, with an intense gaze, <strong>and</strong> wearing a grey<br />

suit, is painted in a solid <strong>and</strong> powerful manner. His<br />

physical presence is ma<strong>de</strong> more vivid by the contrast<br />

with the inc<strong>and</strong>escent yellows <strong>and</strong> greens of the<br />

background.<br />

From the time of his first solo exhibition in Paris in 1906,<br />

Sorolla’s brilliant technique, his magical application of<br />

paint to canvas, ma<strong>de</strong> him the internationally admired,<br />

pre-eminent Spanish Impressionist that he is still<br />

known as. An orphan from an early age, his upbringing<br />

was simple but he won a place at the Aca<strong>de</strong>my of Art<br />

in Valencia at 15, <strong>and</strong> moved to Madrid a few years<br />

later to finish his studies. The interlu<strong>de</strong>s in Rome <strong>and</strong><br />

in Paris were hugely formative <strong>and</strong> he returned to<br />

Valencia in 1888 to paint historical <strong>and</strong> social realist<br />

works on a gr<strong>and</strong> scale before <strong>de</strong>veloping his own<br />

form of sun-drenched bravura Impressionism. In 1909<br />

he was invited to hold an exhibition in the Hispanic<br />

Society in New York. This huge show launched him<br />

Dans ce superbe portrait, peint d’une main très sûre,<br />

Sorolla a capturé la physionomie intrigante et la forte<br />

personnalité du peintre Francesco Santoro (1844-<br />

1927), avec lequel il s’était lié d’amitié lors <strong>de</strong> son<br />

séjour à Rome en 1886-1887. Une bourse d’étu<strong>de</strong><br />

accordée à l’artiste en 1885 par la Députation<br />

provinciale <strong>de</strong> Valence lui avait en effet permis <strong>de</strong><br />

partir étudier à Rome, puis, peu après, à Paris où il se<br />

rendit suivant les conseils <strong>de</strong> son mécène et ami Pedro<br />

Gil Moreno <strong>de</strong> Mora. Lui-même artiste amateur et<br />

proche <strong>de</strong> plusieurs peintres en vue à Paris, ce <strong>de</strong>rnier<br />

comprenait parfaitement l’importance capitale <strong>de</strong><br />

cette ville sur le plan culturel. Les œuvres d’Édouard<br />

Manet furent une véritable révélation pour Sorolla.<br />

Son admiration pour le peintre français se ressent<br />

d’ailleurs dans ce portrait dont le <strong>de</strong>ssin assuré et les<br />

brillants effets <strong>de</strong> couleurs révèlent le rôle catalyseur<br />

<strong>de</strong> l’expérience parisienne sur son apprentissage.<br />

À seulement vingt-quatre ans, il parvient en effet<br />

à produire un portrait qui allie avec une maturité<br />

extraordinaire une puissante quête <strong>de</strong> mo<strong>de</strong>rnité à<br />

une maîtrise technique sans faille. L’homme au regard<br />

intense, représenté en buste et vêtu d’un costume<br />

gris, est esquissé d’une façon extrêmement soli<strong>de</strong> et<br />

puissante ; sa présence physique est rendue encore<br />

plus tangible par l’inc<strong>and</strong>escence <strong>de</strong>s jaunes et <strong>de</strong>s<br />

verts appliqués à l’arrière.<br />

Dès sa première exposition en solo à Paris, en 1906,<br />

la technique magistrale <strong>de</strong> Sorolla et l’intensité <strong>de</strong><br />

son application <strong>de</strong> la peinture sur la toile, lui valurent<br />

d’être internationalement considéré comme le plus<br />

important <strong>de</strong>s peintres impressionnistes espagnols. Il<br />

l’est encore aujourd’hui. Orphelin dès son plus jeune<br />

âge, son éducation avait été rudimentaire, mais il fut<br />

admis à l’Académie <strong>de</strong>s arts <strong>de</strong> Valence à l’âge <strong>de</strong><br />

quinze ans et termina ses étu<strong>de</strong>s à Madrid quelques<br />

années plus tard. Les interlu<strong>de</strong>s romains et parisiens<br />

furent capitaux dans sa formation et <strong>de</strong> retour à Valence<br />

94

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