Creswell_Research_Design_ Qualitative Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches 2018 5th Ed

Research designs
are types of inquiry within qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches that provide specific
direction for procedures in a research study.
Research methods
involve the forms of data collection, analysis, and interpretation that researchers propose for their studies.
Research problems
are problems or issues that lead to the need for a study.
Research tips
are approaches or techniques that have worked well in research for authors.
Response bias
is the effect of nonresponses on survey estimates, and it means that if nonrespondents had responded,
their responses would have substantially changed the overall results of the survey.
Reviewing studies
in an introduction justifies the importance of the study and creates distinctions between past studies and
a proposed study.
Saturation
is when, in qualitative data collection, the researcher stops collecting data because fresh data no longer
sparks new insights or reveals new properties.
Script,
as used in this book, is a template of a few sentences that contains the major words and ideas for
particular parts of a research proposal or report (e.g., purpose statement or research question) and
provides space for researchers to insert information that relates to their projects.
Significance of the study
in an introduction conveys the importance of the problem for different audiences that may profit from
reading and using the study.
Single-subject design
or N of 1 design involves observing the behavior of a single individual (or a small number of individuals)
over time.
Social constructivists
hold the assumption that individuals seek understanding of the world in which they live and work.
Individuals develop subjective meanings of their experiences, meanings directed toward certain objects or
things.
Social science theory
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