Creswell_Research_Design_ Qualitative Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches 2018 5th Ed

has taken two forms: (a) the use of a social science framework and (b) the use of a transformative
framework.
Timing in mixed methods data collection
refers to the sequence of data collection in a study and whether the researcher collects the data
concurrently at roughly the same time or collects the data sequentially with one database gathered prior
to the other database.
Topic
is the subject or subject matter of a proposed study that a researcher identifies early in the preparation of
a study.
Transformative worldview
is a philosophical position in which the researcher identifies one of the qualitative frameworks (e.g.,
indigenous populations, females, racial and ethnic groups, disabled individuals, and so forth) and uses the
framework to advocate for the underrepresented populations and to help create a better, just society for
them (Mertens, 2010).
True experiment
is a form of experimental research in which individuals are randomly assigned to groups.
Validity in quantitative research
refers to whether one can draw meaningful and useful inferences from scores on particular instruments.
Validity strategies
in qualitative research are procedures (e.g., member checking, triangulating data sources) that qualitative
researchers use to demonstrate the accuracy of their findings and convince readers of this accuracy.
Variable
refers to a characteristic or attribute of an individual or an organization that can be measured or observed
and that varies among the people or organization being studied. A variable typically will vary in two or
more categories or on a continuum of scores, and it can be measured.
Worldview
is defined as “a basic set of beliefs that guide action” (Guba, 1990, p. 17).
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