Spain and the United States - Real Instituto Elcano

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CULTURAL RELATIONS, IMAGE AND ANTI-AMERICANISM 109 Exhibit 6.1 Foreign Language Enrolments in State Secondary Schools as a Percentage of the Total* Hume (1847-1910) published an article shortly before his death about the “instinctive mutual attraction” of Spain and the United States which helps to explain the fascination of Spain. “A strenuous people find in the repose of the Spaniards an antidote for their restlessness; a nation of businessmen are brought into contact with a people, the keynote of whose character is an almost disdainful regard for laborious and calculated gain; on the one hand, keen acquisitiveness, on the other a languid magnanimity incite in their opposites the wondering admiration that engenders a kind of humorous and tolerant affection on both sides.” That may have been true a century ago, but certainly not today, although the image still persists. The teaching of Spanish is growing every year. According to the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages, more than 4 million students in state secondary schools are learning Spanish. They accounted for close to 70% of all language enrolments in grades 7-12 (see Exhibit 6.1). The number of Americans learning Spanish in institutions of higher education is more than the total studying all other languages, according to the Modern Languages Association. Most of these students are not Hispanics. Just as the growth in the number of people studying Spanish at university is not solely due to the rise in the Hispanic population, although it is a major factor, so the teaching of Latin, German and French, the main languages studied in the past, was not due to the demographic weight of their speakers in the United States. Of the 1.39 million enrolments in 2002 (latest year available), 53.4% were for Spanish, 14.4% for French and 6.5% for German (see Exhibit 6.2). The distribution of these
110 SPAIN AND THE UNITED STATES students very much reflects the geography of the Hispanic community, with the largest number in California, followed by Texas and New York. Spanish has been the most popular foreign language in US universities since the 1970s, long before the Hispanic community became the largest ethnic minority. In 1960, 30% of enrolments were for Spanish and in 1980 40%. But it was not until the 1990s that PhDs in Spanish language and literature were more numerous than for French (in the 1960s for German). Exhibit 6.2 Foreign Language Enrolments in US Institutions of Higher Education* Exhibit 6.3. American University Students Abroad, Top 10 Countries*
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Spain and the United States The Que
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Published by the Real Instituto Elc
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This is the third
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CONTENTS Preface ..................
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PREFACE Once again, our long-time c
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CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW Had it not been
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OVERVIEW 13 French of more than two
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OVERVIEW 15 committed Protestant, a
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OVERVIEW 17 money was used to purch
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OVERVIEW 19 Later, the runway at Ro
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OVERVIEW 21 a much more balanced re
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OVERVIEW 23 The position of the Eis
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OVERVIEW 25 The first such school i
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OVERVIEW 27 significant proportion.
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OVERVIEW 29 3,631 in 2003 (the four
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OVERVIEW 31 forces were not happy a
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OVERVIEW 33 It is fair to say that,
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OVERVIEW 35 sovereign Basque state)
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OVERVIEW 37 by those countries for
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OVERVIEW 39 was the main instigator
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OVERVIEW 41 magnitude needed in a
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OVERVIEW 43 The Spanish decision in
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OVERVIEW 45 There was a flurry of v
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54 Some US companies in Spain SPAIN
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