Spain and the United States - Real Instituto Elcano

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THE US PLAYERS IN SPAIN 55 Ford chose to manufacture its new KA model in the 1990s at its Almussafes plant rather than at its facilities in Cologne, Germany, and Dagenham, United Kingdom. Albert Caspers, chairman of Ford Europe, said at the time that the plant in Spain was chosen because it has “one of the highest productivity levels in the world and a quality standard on a par with other European factories.” In 2003 Spain began to assemble the Mazda2, the first car to be produced in Europe by Ford’s 33%-owned Japanese affiliate Mazda, and Almussafes became the second factory in 2005, after Ford’s Saarlius factory in Germany, to manufacture the new Focus car. Ford and General Motors (which arrived in Spain in 1982) produced 871,104 passenger cars between them in 2004 out of a total of 2.4 million, and their exports accounted for 39% of the total of 1.96 million. 4 The presence of these and other auto companies led component companies like Arvin Meritor, Dana Corporation, Johnson Controls and Tenneco Automotive to set up affiliates in Spain too and spurred the creation of Spanish component companies, such as Grupo Antolín-Irausa, the world’s largest manufacturer of ceiling panels for cars and a leading producer of seats, door locks, and electrical devices for windows. 5 It started in the 1960s near Renault’s assembly lines and in the 1970s opened facilities near Ford’s plant. Exhibit 2.11. US Automotive and Component Companies in Spain Most of the American machinery and supplies companies in Spain are importers and distributors (see Exhibit 2.12). Among the manufacturers are Duo-Fast (staples and nails), Flowerserve (fluid pumps), General Cable (copper, aluminium, fibre optic wire and cable products), Helgeson 4. DaimlerChrysler produced 93,000 vehicles in 2004, but it is excluded from this calculation because it is not majority US-owned. 5. See pp. 173-176 of The Limits of Convergence, by Mauro Guillén (Princeton University Press, 2001).
56 SPAIN AND THE UNITED STATES (testing equipment) and Honeywell (control systems for automation of industrial processes). Exhibit 2.12. US Industrial Machinery and Supplies Companies in Spain In the chemicals sector, most of the US players are manufacturers and they include Dow Chemical and DuPont (see Exhibit 2.13). Dow Chemical’s Tarragona plant in Catalonia is its European production centre and hence an important link in its global supply chain. A new 200 million plant is being built in Tarragona to produce special polyethylene plastics and is expected to come on stream in 2006. Exports of chemicals by US companies in Spain almost doubled between 1999 and 2002 (latest year available) to 1,968 million. No other export by US companies in Spain has grown as much. Dupont has several plants in Asturias (northern Spain), making the region one of the company’s most important production centres worldwide. Exhibit 2.13. US Chemical Firms and Allied Products in Spain
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Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This is the third
Page 7 and 8: CONTENTS Preface ..................
Page 9 and 10: PREFACE Once again, our long-time c
Page 11 and 12: CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW Had it not been
Page 13 and 14: OVERVIEW 13 French of more than two
Page 15 and 16: OVERVIEW 15 committed Protestant, a
Page 17 and 18: OVERVIEW 17 money was used to purch
Page 19 and 20: OVERVIEW 19 Later, the runway at Ro
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Page 29 and 30: OVERVIEW 29 3,631 in 2003 (the four
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Page 33 and 34: OVERVIEW 33 It is fair to say that,
Page 35 and 36: OVERVIEW 35 sovereign Basque state)
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Page 39 and 40: OVERVIEW 39 was the main instigator
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Page 43 and 44: OVERVIEW 43 The Spanish decision in
Page 45 and 46: OVERVIEW 45 There was a flurry of v
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APPENDIX 1 CLASSIFICATION OF US COM
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Keith Walking Floor Europe Jeld-Wen
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Valeant Pharmaceuticals Intl. Wyeth
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Packaging Equipment & Materials Alc
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Inc. FedEx Corporation Logfret Inc.
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150 Candela Hermanos Colomer Group
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