NOSCE TE IPSUM

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RBH,B RBH,BCB6 RBH,B B6 ! ! / @))& @))& damajereblad daasabuTa rigi arsebiTi debulebebi, romlebic SemdgomSi gaxdnen ,,moxmarebis maqsimaluri dakmayofilebis“ doqtrinis postulatebi. maT pirvel rigSi unda miekuTvnos mosazreba imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom calkeuli mwarmoeblebis moqmedebaTa jamuri erToblioba adgens fasebs bazarze; TiToeuli calkeuli momxmarebeli emorCileba fasebs; xolo fasebi ki emorCilebian momxmarebelTa individualuri reaqciebis erTobliobas. mocemuli debulebidan gamomdinareobs, rom sabazro ekonomika ar imarTeba koleqtiuri nebiT da ar emorCileba saerTo ganzraxvebs, magram icavs qcevis mkacr wesebs. am wesebis Sesabamisad, Tavisufali konkurencia warmoebis faqtorebis bazrebze cdilobs gaaTanasworos am faqtorebis upiratesobebi yvela dargSi da swored amiT aRwevs resursebis optimalur ganawilebas dargebs Soris. a. smiTi aRniSnavda, rom ,, . . . Tavisufali konkurencia aiZulebs yvela bankirs ufro xelgaSliT moepyras Tavis klientebs, raTa isini metoqeebma ar gadaibiron Tavisken. saerTod, Tu vaWroba-mrewvelobis an Sromis danawilebis raime dargi xelsayrelia sazogadoebisaTvis, _ rac ufro Tavisufalia da farToa konkurencia, miT ufro xelsayreli iqneba igi misTvis” 3 . garda amisa, a. smiTi Tavis naSromSi ,,gamokvleva xalxTa simdidris bunebisa da mizezebis Sesaxeb”, konkurencias ganixilavda, rogorc saqonlis gaiafebisa da ekonomiur agentTa Soris fasebis SeTanxmebis sawinaaRmdego faqtors, riTac xazs usvamda mis rols sazogadoebrivi keTildReobis amaRlebis saqmeSi. is werda: ,,Tu es kapitali or sxvadasxva vaWars Soris aris gayofili, maTi konkurencia miT ufro iafad gaayidvinebs saqonels, vidre rom es kapitali marto erTis xelSi yofiliyo moqceuli; da Tu mTeli kapitali oc vaWars Sorisaa ganawilebuli, maTi konkurencia imdenadve ufro Zlieri iqneba, da imdenadve naklebi iqneba mosalodneloba imisa, rom isini erTamaneTs SeuTanxmdebian fasebis asawevad. maT Soris arsebulma konkurenciam, SesaZlebelia, zogi maTgani gaanadguros, magram amaze zrunva TviT dainte resebuli mxareebis saqmea da savsebiT gulmSvidad SeiZleba maT unarianobaze mivagdoT. konkurenciis aseTi gaZliereba verasodes ver Selaxavs momxmareblis an mwarmoeblis interess; piriqiT, aman unda aiZulos wvrili vaWrebi ufro iafad gahyidon da ufro Zvirad iyidon, vidre im SemTxvevaSi iqneboda, vaWrobis mTeli dargi rom erT an or pirs hqoneboda monopoliurad xelSi. marTalia, zogma maTganma, SeiZleba, acTunos damyoli myidveli iseTi ram iyidos, rac mas esaWiroeba, magram es uaryofiTi movlena metad umniSvneloa, rom Rirdes masze sazogadoebrivi yuradRebis miqceva, da amasTan, igi ueWvelad verc aicileba vaWrebis ricxvis SezRudviT” 4 . yovelive zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom a. smiTi iyo is mecnieri, romelmac pirvelma gadadga nabiji konkurenciis, rogorc fasebiT regulirebis efeqtiani saSualebis gagebisken. kerZod, Camoayaliba konkurenciis cneba, rogorc metoqeoba fasebis zrdisa (miwodebis Semcirebisas) da fasebis Semcirebis (miwodebis siWarbisas) kuTxiT; gansazRvra efeqturi konkurenciis ZiriTadi pirobebi, romelic moicavs gamyidvelebis didi raodenobis arsebobas, amomwurav informacias maTze (informaciis gamWvirvaloba) da gamoyenebuli resursebis mobilobas; man pirvelma aCvena Tu mogebis normis gaTanabrebiT, rogor aRwevs konkurencia Sromisa da kapitalis optimalur ganawilebas dargebs Soris; SeimuSava srulyofili konkurenciis modeli (modelis elementebi) da Teoriulad daamtkica, rom am modelis pirobebSi SesaZlebelia moTxovnilebis maqsimaluri dakmayofileba; gadadga mniSvnelovani nabiji srulyofili konkurenciis pirobebSi, resursebis optimaluri ganawilebis Teoriis Camoyalibebis saqmeSi. srulyofili konkurenciis modeli, romlis Teoriuli safuZvlebi Camoayaliba a. smiTma, mTlianad gamoricxavs raime saxiT bazris arsebiT kontrols. am TeoriiT, makoordinirebel elementad decentralizebul ekonomikaSi gamodis fasebis sistema. ganaviTara ra bazris safaso konkurenciis meSveobiT regulirebis idea, d. rikardo aRniSnavda, rom rodesac ,, . . . Cven 138
! / @))&6 @))&6 RBH,B RBH,BCB RBH,B vlaparakobT saqonelTa Sesaxeb, maT sacvlel Rirebulebaze da im kanonebze, romelnic maT SefardebiTs fasebs awesrigeben, Cven yovelTvis vgulisxmobT iseT saqonels, romelTa raodenoba SeiZleba gadidebul iqnes adamianis SromiT da romelTa warmoebaze konkurencia SeuzRudvelad moqmedebs“ 139 5 . d. rikardom Seqmna srulyofili konkurenciis Teoriuli modeli. man aRwera, Tu rogor funqcionirebs aseTi sistema grZelvadian perspeqtivaSi. aseTma midgomam mas saSualeba misca Tavi aeridebina da yuradReba ar gaemaxvilebina im ,,detalebze“, romlebic dakavSirebulia saxelmwifo regulirebasTan, monopoliur ZalauflebasTan, bazris geografiul TaviseburebebTan da a.S., vinaidan am ukanasknelT grZelvadian perspeqtivaSi ar aqvT gadamwyveti mniSvneloba. d. rikardos mier ganxiluli modelisaTvis, principulia fasebis dadgenis meqanizmebis kvlevis sakiTxebi rogorc monopoliuri, ise konkurenciuli bazris pirobebSi. kerZod, is aRniSnavda, rom ,,im saqonelTa fasi, romelnic calkeuli piris an kompaniis monopoliis sagans Seadgenen, icvleba lord lorderdalis mier gadmocemuli kanonis Tanaxmad: igi dabla iwevs gamyidvelebis mier saqonelTa raodenobis gadidebis proporciulad, da maRla iwevs im ndomis Sesabamisad, romelsac myidvelebi iCenen maT SesaZenad; maTi fasi araviTar aucilebel kavSirSi araa maT bunebriv fasTan, magram im saqonelTa fasi, romelnic konkurencias eqvemdebarebian da romelTa masa SeiZleba gadidebul iqnes raodenamde zomieri odenobiT, damokidebulia, bolos da bolos, ara moTxovnisa da miwodebis mdgomareobaze, aramed maTi warmoebis xarjebis gadidebasa da Semcirebaze“ 6 . amasTan, droiTi faqtori (misi aralimitirebis gamo) da riski ar warmoadgenen modelis elementebs. firmebi Rebuloben gadawyvetilebebs xarisobriv - fasobrivi matricebis safuZvelze. dabalansebuli fasebis dadgenaSi gadamwyvet rols TamaSobs konkurencia. Teoriulma abstrahirebam d. rikardos saSualeba misca daesabuTebina ekonomikuri zrdis problemis gadawyvetis grZelvadiani variantebi srulyofili konkurenciis pirobebSi. srulyofili konkurenciis idea saSualebas iZleva gagebul iqnas Tu grZelvadiani wonasworobisas ,,bunebrivi fasebi“ rogor uerTdebian da Seesabamebian decentralizebuli mmarTvelobis principebs da rogor uwyoben xels kapitalisturi ekonomikis ganviTarebas. am konkretul sakiTxze savsebiT garkveulad aqvs Tavisi azri Camoyalibebuli jon stiuart mils, ,,yuradsaRebia, rom konkurencia warmoadgens fasebis, xelfasis, rentis erTaderT maregulirebels da is TviTon warmoadgens kanons, romelic adgens am regulirebis wesebs“ 7 . jons. milma mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitana konkurenciis Teoriis srulyofaSi.KkerZod, mis mier SemuSavebul iqna saerTaSoriso moTxovnis gantoleba, gamoyofil iqna bazarze e.w. arakonkurirebadi jgufebi da Camoayaliba moTxovnis fasiTi elastiurobis klasifikacia, SeimuSava ekonomikuri cnebebi, alternatiul danaxarjebis masStabebSi. mniSvnelovani debulebebi, rac avsebs srulyofili konkurenciis models Rirebulebis kanonis poziciidan, SemoTavazebuli aqvs k. marqss fundamentur naSromSi ,,kapitali“. amasTan, naSromSi ,,filosofiis siRatake“, romelic man 1845-1847 wlebSi dawera ,,. . . mogvca. . . kapitalizmis rigi kategoriebis axali gageba, ufro Rrmad gaanaliza konkurenciasa da monopolias Soris urTierTdamokidebulebis dialeqtika~ 8 . mas bazarze saqonlis gaiafebis gzad konkurenciuli brZola miaCnda. is werda, rom konkurencia iseve arsebiTia, SromisaTvis, rogorc danawileba . . . igi aucilebelia Tanasworobis damyarebisaTvis” 9 , aseve aRniSnavda, rom ,,konkurencia, rogorc debuleba an ekonomiuri fazisi, misi warmoSobis mxriv ganxiluli, warmoadgens . . .
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NOSCE TE IPSUM

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