SDI Convergence - Global Spatial Data Infrastructure Association

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sufficiently simple to allow representation in a relational data model. It is important that the storage mechanism for the catalogue is platform independent so that it can be easily replicated and XML is therefore attractive. Table 2: Technology choices for Compartimos objects. Compartimos object Technology choices Catalogue Relational data model vs. other models Relational DBMS vs. other DBMS such as XML or Object DBMSs ISO 19112:2003, Geographic information – Spatial referencing by geographic identifiers ISO 19115:2003, Geographic information – Metadata ISO 19119:2005, Geographic information – Services ISO 19139:2007, Geographic information – Metadata – XML schema implementation Dublin Core metadata element set Metadata in the Monitoring and Discovery System (MDS) - Globus Toolkit Metadata in the Replica Location Service (RLS) - Globus Toolkit CatalogueService OGC Catalogue Service Monitoring and Discovery System (MDS) - Globus Toolkit Replica Location Service (RLS) - Globus Toolkit AddressDataAccessService OGC Web Feature Service (WFS) ISO 19142 (draft), Geographic information – Web feature service OGSA-DAI data resources, Globus Toolkit compatible Combination of OGSA-DAI data resources and WFS VirtualAddressDataService Intelligence: OGSA-DAI Distributed Query Processing (DQP) Address-specific toolkits, such as AfriGIS Intiendo Any capabilities available as OGC Web Processing Service (WPS) Data: OGC Web Feature Service (WFS) ISO 19142 (draft), Geographic information – Web feature service OGSA-DAI data resources, Globus Toolkit compatible AddressDataset Technology independent, up to the data provider AddressService OGC Web Feature Service (WFS) OGC Web Processing Service (WPS) The Compartimos catalogue includes metadata about address data, as well as the grid configuration. Using existing metadata standards holds the advantage that metadata can be readily imported into the Compartimos catalogue, and tools for capturing metadata according to these standards exist. Metadata about the address datasets can be stored according to existing standards, such as ISO 19115:2003, Geographic information – Metadata, with or without the ISO 19139:2007, Geographic information - Metadata – XML schema implementation. ISO 19119: 2005, Geographic information – Services, includes a data model for service metadata, which is applicable to the addressrelated services in Compartimos, while ISO 19112:2003, Geographic information – Spatial referencing by geographic identifiers, could be used for the addressing systems (Coetzee et al., 2008). 113
114 Figure 3: The address data catalogue. An alternative choice is the Dublin Core Metadata element set (www.dublincore.org), which has been adopted as an ISO standard (ISO 15836:2003), but Dublin Core does not cater for spatial data specifically and is not widely used in the geospatial community. The Globus Toolkit includes a catalogue capability (Singh et al., 2003; Zhao et al., 2004), but it does not address all the requirements for spatial data, such as the geographic extent of a dataset. The metadata that forms part of the Globus Toolkit’s Replication Location Service (RLS) (http://www.globus.org/toolkit/data/rls/) is an option for replica information in the Compartimos catalogue. The metadata that is part of the Globus Toolkit’s Monitoring and Discovery System (MDS) (http://www.globus.org/ toolkit/mds/) provides information about the available resources on the Grid and their status and is suitable to store information about the hosts in Compartimos. RLS and MDS were successfully integrated into a geospatial grid, reported by Di et al. (2008). 4.2 The CatalogueService This service provides read and write access to the metadata in the Compartimos catalogue. Similar to the OGSA data architecture, the Compartimos CatalogueService provides Publish (add an entry), Update (modify an existing entry), and Find (apply query and return matching entries) services. The Augment (add additional properties for an entry created by someone else), AddClassification (add classification scheme) and Classify (classify an entry) services from the OGSA data architecture are not included in Compartimos. Compartimos applies to a very specific kind of data; therefore these services are not required. The OGC has published a catalogue service implementation specification for the discovery and retrieval of metadata about spatial data and services, which can be implemented in conjunction with the above-mentioned ISO 19115:2003 and ISO 19139: 2007, as well as ISO 19119:2005 for service metadata. Wei et al. (2006) and Di et al. (2008) report on using the OGC catalogue service in their implementation of a geospatial grid for NASA. Zhao et al. (2004) report on a different option in (seemingly) the
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GSDI Global Spatial Data Infrastruc
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SDI Convergence Research, Emerging
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Table of Contents Foreword vii Peer
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Foreword This book is the result of
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Spatial Data Infrastructure Converg
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SDIs are not for free, and thus nee
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gional level specific and complete
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management issues. They do not foll
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esses (scenario 5b in Figure 1) req
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implements the SDI concept. INSPIRE
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cluded. Map functions refer to pop-
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The toolbar at the top of the map a
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18 Figure 5: Technical implementati
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Development and Deployment of a Ser
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the development of the services off
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Web Applications Services Aplicatio
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Figure 2: ISO 19119 elements for se
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means of their capabilities informa
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- Column Nr_dc (and its associated
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Nebert D., Whiteside A. and P. Vret
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of the four essential parts of a su
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2.1.2 ICT standards web services Fo
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model (see Figure 3). The four comp
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4. FINANCIAL MODELS 4.1 Cost models
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5. Hybrid models: These are models
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4.4 Price strategies Apart from the
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6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
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MICUS Management Consulting GmbH (2
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Standard Licences for Geographic In
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3. PHASE I: EUROPEAN CONTEXT AND AC
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The reuse of public sector informat
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(c) free copies or privileged acces
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The ‘Guidelines on the use of geo
Page 72 and 73: Legal Simcity; Legislative Maps and
Page 74 and 75: Figure 1: Result set showing protec
Page 76 and 77: Figure 3: Detailed text-to-map retr
Page 78 and 79: (Simple Knowledge Organization Syst
Page 80 and 81: Legal Atlas approach, except for pe
Page 82 and 83: Furthermore, we pointed out that th
Page 84 and 85: Power and Privacy: the Use of LBS i
Page 86 and 87: for these needs by increasing the q
Page 88 and 89: TARGET [citizen(s)] 3.2.2 Citizens
Page 90 and 91: tionship with the citizen-subject.
Page 92 and 93: 4.4 European case law 4.4.1 Rotaru
Page 94 and 95: Without prejudice to the general da
Page 96: Taylor, J.A., A.M.B. Lips and J. Or
Page 99 and 100: these datasets. Afflerbach et al. (
Page 101 and 102: gration can be realised. This secti
Page 103 and 104: 94 Table 2: Main classes in NEN3610
Page 105 and 106: 96 Table 3: Slightly different attr
Page 107 and 108: grassy area in TOP10NL data (right)
Page 109 and 110: Figure 3: IMGeo roads (a) and TOP10
Page 111 and 112: 3.2 Recommendations for integrating
Page 113 and 114: Figure 7: Modelling sport area as B
Page 115 and 116: Stoter, J.E., Morales, J.M., Lemmen
Page 117 and 118: SDI. This evaluation, as well as an
Page 119 and 120: ConsultCo now executes their geocod
Page 121: 4.1 The Catalogue 112 Figure 2: Obj
Page 125 and 126: multiple data services or resources
Page 127 and 128: 6. CONCLUSION We presented a scenar
Page 129 and 130: OGC OGF (2007). Memorandum of Under
Page 131 and 132: the identification, the extent, the
Page 133 and 134: integration of metadata and spatial
Page 135 and 136: 126 Category Criteria Technical Sta
Page 137 and 138: cords as required. The application
Page 139 and 140: element in the metadata record. Thi
Page 141 and 142: 132 Category Criteria Technical Sta
Page 143 and 144: MET designers should focus greatly
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Page 147 and 148: lative effects of activities on the
Page 149 and 150: fication both of data and models. T
Page 151 and 152: study described in the next section
Page 153 and 154: tionality. Themes are ‘map view
Page 155 and 156: 146 Figure 5: Registration screen f
Page 157 and 158: As the research progresses more fee
Page 159 and 160: Pettit, C., W. Cartwright, I. D. Bi
Page 161 and 162: Over the last few years, important
Page 163 and 164: - the Regional Topographic Database
Page 165 and 166: - the attributes of each of these t
Page 167 and 168: 5. METADATA MANAGER For metadata cr
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Page 171 and 172: In the business management literatu
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To use this strategy, effective con
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whether the financial support is fr
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pation and control of their own qua
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With respect to this description, t
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Huarng, F. and Y.T. Chen (2002). Re
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174
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(GPS) devices have changed the natu
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equired to know which properties th
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The first phase of the EcoGeo Proje
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Adding a ne w organisation in the p
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6. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK The
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Goodchild, M. (1995). “Geographic
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188
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2. APPLICATION OF SPATIAL INFORMATI
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a set of simple tools and applicati
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Russia is just at the beginning in
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to explore appropriate services for
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Nevertheless it can be stated that,
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REFERENCES Abdulharis, R., van Loen
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Brazil http://www.gisdevelopment.ne
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204
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vertical integration of multiple le
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went from being “nice to have”
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Approximately 59% of LGAs indicated
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Variables 212 Table 2: Variables th
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5. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR
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Giff, G. (2006). "The value of perf
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Warnest, M., A. Rajabifard and I.P.
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programme. Nevertheless the term 'S
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This distinction is also reflected
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several decades or more. In essence
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to play a larger part in the develo
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Masser, I. (2005). GIS Worlds: crea
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Studies of cooperation as a subject
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232 Figure 1: The ‘SDI-based netw
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Questions of SDI are strongly integ
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This leads to the conclusion that w
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Brunsson, N. (2006). The organizati
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However, current SDI design focuses
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242 Figure 1: Marine and coastal ma
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244 Figure 3: Issues and challenges
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emerged in response to a global rea
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The OGC/TC 211 implementation speci
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Results from European Spatial Data
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Nebert , D.D. (ed.) (2004). Develop
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The article begins by outlining the
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4. INITIAL RESPONSES TO THE RRRs CH
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cluded a qualitative and quantitati
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As an example the ‘Spatial and Te
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Dale, P., and McLaughlin, J.D. (198
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Van Oosterom, P.J.M., Lemmen, C.H.J
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each stakeholder can access, use, a
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elow (Rajabifard et al., 2003a). Ho
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3.3 Evolution Theory and SDI Evolut
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spread of a new idea from its sourc
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institutional complexities. This is
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with existing institutional arrange
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Hofstede, G. and G.J. Hofstede (200
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