The Journey of Flight.pdf - Valkyrie Cadet

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Chapter Chapter 1 1 - - - Introduction Introduction to to Air Air Air P PPower P ower By September 1903, the engine had been installed and the Wrights returned to North Carolina with their powered aircraft, which they named the Flyer. The Flyer had no wheels, but landed in the sand on a pair of skids. For takeoff, they constructed a long wooden rail upon which ran a small trolley. The skids were set on the trolley, and a wire held the trolley until the aircraft’s engine was running at full power. When the wire was released, the aircraft and trolley ran smoothly down the track until the aircraft lifted off, leaving the trolley behind. Their first attempt to fly was on December 14, 1903, with Wilbur at the controls. The Flyer became airborne but stalled and fell back into the sand. It was slightly damaged. Three days later the damage was repaired. The wind was blowing at over 20 mph. It was Orville’s turn, so he fitted himself into the cradle. The engine was started, turned up to full power, and the wire was released. The Flyer began picking up speed as it moved down the track with Wilbur running alongside. As the Flyer neared the end of the track, it rose into the air and flew for 12 seconds. One hundred and twenty feet from the end of the track, it slowly settled back onto the sand. It was 10:35 a.m., December 17, 1903. Three more times that day the Flyer left the Earth. The final flight with Wilbur at the controls lasted 59 seconds and covered 852 feet. Following the last flight, a gust of wind tipped the Flyer and badly damaged it. This small, flimsy, wood and cloth airplane made a place in history, but it never flew again. Its total useful lifetime was 1 day. Prior to the Wright brothers’ success with the Flyer, Stringfellow had flown a powered model airplane, but he was not aboard to control it. Lilienthal created controlled flight with his glider, but it was not sustained flight because it was not powered. Clement Ader created a manned craft that flew under its own power, but it was not controllable, nor could it sustain flight. With the flight of the Wright Flyer, mankind’s age-old dream of controlled, sustained and powered heavier-than-air flight was finally a reality. Summar Summary Summar This chapter has pointed out the major milestones in the development of flight and the significant accomplishments of the men and women around the world who helped make the flight of the Wright Flyer possible. With the Wright Flyer, controlled, sustained, and powered heavier-than-air flight was finally achieved. Real flight was born. However, it would be a number of years before the powered airplane would be developed to the point of being accepted as a practical, useful tool. In the next chapter, we will examine how the flying machine continued to evolve. 19
� kite � lighter-than-air � gunpowder � hot air balloon � hydrogen gas � helium gas � aerial observation � Balloon Signal Service � aeronaut � dirigible SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER 20 � Zepplin � rocket � glider � lift � drag � thrust � helicopter � wind tunnel � airplane � powered flight 1. According to legend, (Wan Hoo / Daedalus) built two sets of wings so he and his son could escape imprisonment. 2. The (Greeks / Chinese) invented gunpowder. 3. The (Chinese / Persians) may have used man-carrying kites to spy on their enemies. MATCHING 4. Developed first known principles of flight. 5. Invented the hot air balloon. 6. First human passengers flew on their balloon. 7. Organized Balloon Signal Service of the Union Army. 8. First successful rigid dirigible. 9. “Father of Modern Aviation.” 10. First success in controlled, powered and sustained flight. a. Otto Lilienthal b. Thaddeus S. C. Lowe c. Laurenco deGusmano d. Wright brothers e. Montgolfier brothers f. Leonardo da Vinci g. Ferdinand von Zepplin
Page 1: CIVIL AIR PATROL The Official Auxil
Page 4 and 5: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A
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Page 9 and 10: Our ability to use air and space di
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qualified would be sent to designat
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The 332nd Fighter Group flew more t
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MATCHING 11. First attempt to stand
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Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Cha
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The Japanese built a strong Navy. T
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The backbone of the German Air Forc
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Lacking the defensive air force to
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The Spitfire is a prized collector
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86 USAAF personnel are shown here p
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Hitler supposedly promised Luftwaff
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Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor on
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established within the Army Air For
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In fact, the lessons learned in Nor
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already tried daylight bombing and
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The P-51 Mustang helped turn the ti
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ACES IN EUROPE The Luftwaffe produc
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Almost exactly 1 month later, the U
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Major General George Kenney was Mac
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This first bombing raid was led by
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the island-hopping campaign in the
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� combined arms operations � Bl
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than 900,000. By 1947, this figure
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The most famous jet of World War II
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The The The The The Berlin Berlin B
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North Korean advance just enough so
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On July 27, 1953, a cease-fire trea
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Immediately after the war, the most
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The DeHavilland Comet 1 restriction
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almost 200 mph. It was equipped wit
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The specially designed B-29 carried
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Swept-back wings of a jet aircraft
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As technology got better, systems g
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Despite US participation, the civil
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nationwide saw the ugliness of war.
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Vietnamese forces. Enemy supply lin
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nothing could destroy that bridge.
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As a result, both countries created
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This is what led to the development
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superiority fighters flew for over
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were going to attack the targets at
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Iraq Iraq Iraq Iraq Iraq Counteratt
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The poor Iraqi performance can be a
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� Cold War � National Security
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27. On August 7, 1964, Congress pas
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XB XB XB-70 -70 -70 -70 -70 The X-1
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een overshadowed by rearward-swept
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164 The X-33 Advanced Technology De
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Air Force as the C-135. It was foll
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The Boeing 777’s “Glass Cockpit
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Navajo Navajo Navajo Navajo Navajo
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Chapter Chapter 7 7 - - Basic Basic
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Chapter Chapter 8 8 - - - Air Aircr
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Chapter Chapter 8 8 - - Air Aircraf
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Chapter Chapter 9 9 - - - Flight Fl
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The The Airport Airport Airports co
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Control Control Control Control Con
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quick white flashes. This differenc
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MATCHING 1.Match the terms: a. runw
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airlines began flying more profitab
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produced in the greatest numbers. B
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Boeing Boeing Boeing Boeing Boeing
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percent more flights per day. Compa
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Swearingen Swearingen Swearingen Sw
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SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER 1. The (7
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Since World War II, a number of tra
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etractable) landing gear. The Skyha
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290
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A hot air balloon takes off from th
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Racing Racing Racing Racing Racing
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SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER 1. (Ultra
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In figuring the fuel efficiency of
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All of these aircraft carry a pilot
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However, remember during that hour
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The Canadair Challenger began as a
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commercial pilot certificate and an
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specially trained pilot then uses h
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5. Fill in the blanks with nontrans
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usually is able to carry either nuc
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aircraft. Weight is important becau
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capabilities. About the size of an
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Noncombatant Noncombatant Aircraf A
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OV-10A Bronco. This aircraft was sp
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MILITARY AIRCRAFT LETTER AND NUMBER
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C-17. The C-17 Globemaster III is t
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� combat aircraft � noncombat a
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15. To make up for the disadvantage
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Bell AH-1 HueyCobra. The AH-1 was d
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Sikorsky HH-3. Twin 1,500-horsepowe
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Companies supplying offshore oil pl
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Higher rotation speed and higher fo
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In war, there will always be situat
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Two methods are available for using
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In the 1980s, new technology, which
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7. Which of the following is not a
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maintenance of the airway system ov
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(transfer it) to another air traffi
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Center. The CAI operates the progra
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encouraging learning through its ma
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CAP Emergency Services 356 which we
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one of the largest airshows in the
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SELECT THE CORRECT ANSWER 1. The (F
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APTITUDES AND AEROSPACE CAREERS Apt
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amount of exposure to these basic s
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Freshman and Sophomore Years: Engli
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Sophomore Year: Meteorology Science
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Scholarships are available to quali
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1. Be at least 17-years-old and not
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� aptitude � curricula � comm
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18. The _________ _________ _______
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Chapter Chapter 18 18 18 - - - The
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Chapter Chapter 19- 19- W WWeather
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There is an explanation for everyth
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Even with improvements over the sti
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ecause of the centrifugal force cre
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A Demonstration of Newton’s Third
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module payload. Of course, the ulti
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Solid Fuel Propulsion System hot, e
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Let’s suppose we do not want to b
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MATCHING 7. Match the scientist wit
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With a few exceptions, propulsion s
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The chemical reaction of hydrogen a
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tube was known and employed in warf
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is used to start the ignition proce
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paint certain surfaces of the prope
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the precombustion chamber is ignite
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atomized and sufficiently diffused
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FILL IN THE BLANKS 7. Rust and corr
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In this chapter, we will look at wh
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and inversely proportional to the s
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inclination constant, precesses slo
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Suppose the mission of a payload re
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Burnout of the propellant system wi
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Earth, always maintaining the same
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Other Other Other Other Other Copla
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same as the Earth’s period of rot
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The launch vehicles used by the mil
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� orbits � trajectories � ine
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Space. The Final Frontier. These ar
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Chapter Chapter 24 24 - - Space Spa
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Chapter Chapter 24 24 - - - Space S
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Chapter Chapter Chapter 24 24 - - S
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Chapter Chapter Chapter 24 24 - - S
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Chapter Chapter 25 25 - - Our Our S
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At the end of World War II, the tea
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Chapter Chapter 26 26 - - Unmanned
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The space race between the United S
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27. Tonkin Gulf Resolution, Johnson
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13. training routes 14. true course
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CHAPTER 16 1. CAB 2. FSS 3. NAFEC 4
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CHAPTER 21 1. Gravity 2. Galileo 3.
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9. Weather—A, C, E, G; Multi-Spec
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Aurora australis - colored lights,
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D Dead reckoning - involves the sys
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Haze - a concentration of water vap
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Magnetic course - the course accord
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Prime meridian - the great circle l
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Strategic airlift - transportation
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Weather - the day-to-day changes in
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C-54, 118, 124 C-69, 124 C-130 Herc
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VS 300, 63 X-1, 129,176 X-15, 159-1
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Eichstadt, Konrad 445 Eighth Air Fo
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Manning, Captain Harry, 9 Mannock,
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soaring, 292-293 solar radiation 39
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This textbook was jointly produced
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