acta societatis botanicorum poloniae - LV Zjazd Polskiego ...

BrYOPHYTE OF CUTOVEr PEATLANd IN SELECTEd
PEATBOGS OF WEST POMErANIA
Wilhelm Marcin. University of Szczecin, Department of Plant
Taxonomy and Phytogeography, 13 Wąska St., 71-415 Szczecin,
Poland, junin@univ.szczecin.pl
The cutover peatlands are biotopes with different physicochemical
parameters. The character of their flora is determined
by their size, the depth, the degree of hydration, the abundance
of nutrients, etc. In optimum conditions, the main component of
flora are bryophytes closely related to the swamp habitats. The
cutover peatlands are often centers of biodiversity and refuges
of rare species. The aim of this work is to present the diversity
of bryophytes, which are occurring in the former cutover peatlands
of raised bogs. The field exploration was conducted in the
years 2003– 2007. Three peat bogs located in the central part
of Western Pomerania (Drawskie Lakeland) were the object of
this study. In these 3 bogs 41 species of mosses and 7 liverworts
were found. The most well-hydrated cutover peatlands developed
Sphagnum fallax and S. cuspidatum, more rarely S. magellanicum,
S. rubellum S. capillifolium. Dry and degraded cutover
peatlands were populated by small tufts of moss: Dicranella heteromalla,
Brachythecium rutabulum. Three rare species (in the
area of Poland) were recorded: Campylopus pyriformis, Sphagnum
tenellum, Odontoschisma sphagni. From the biodiversity
point of view, the old ways of peat extraction are more desirable
than the modern. Hence, the development of effective methods
of renaturalization of damaged habitats should be a priority and
ultimate goal in similar future studies. Research financed by the
Ministry of Science and Higher Education – research project
NN 305 121 434.
ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF BrYOPHYTES IN THE
BŁoGIE RESERvE of CENtRAL PoLAND
Wolski Grzegorz J. University of Łódź, 12/16 St. Banacha St.,
90-237 Łódź, Poland, Department of Geobotany and Plant Ecology,
gjwolski@biol.uni.lodz.pl
The research objectives were to determine the species composition
of moss flora, identify taxonomic and ecological diversity,
and identify factors influencing species richness and flora diversity
of bryophytes in the Błogie reserve. The Błogie reserve
is located on the area of the Łódzkie province, in the Mniszków
district of Poland. This area protects forest communities with
silver fir-tree (Abies alba) in the tree-stand. The northern border
of the silver fir-tree’s range reaches into Central Poland. The
study was conducted in 2009. Bryological material was collected
from all microhabitats and substrates of the reserve. The results
showed 55 species of bryophytes and one variety of moss (49
mosses and 7 liverworts) belonging to 29 families. There were
4 types of habitats. Most species were found in epixylic habitats
– 41. In epiphytic habitats there were – 39 species, and in epigeic
habitats – 32. The least were found in epilithic habitats – 3. In
the epixylic habitat group most of the bryophytes species were
found on stumps – 34. Among epiphytic habitats most species
were found on the bark of Quercus robur – 23. In the epigeic
habitat group most bryophytes were found on mineral soil – 27.
Epilithic species were present only on stones protruding from
the soil. The reserve bryoflora is high in species abundance and
high in species diversity. Bryophytes use almost all of the available
microhabitats and substrates, but most of the species were
noted in epixylic habitats.
Bryology
dIVErSITY OF EPIPHYTIC BrYOFLOrA ON NOr-
WAY SPrUCE (PiceA Abies (L.) KArST.) IN SELECT-
ED foRESt CoMMUNItIES of BIAŁoWIEżA NA-
TIONAL PArK
Zin Ewa1 , obidziński Artur2 . 1Forest Research Institute, European
Centre for Natural Forests, Park Dyrekcyjny 6, 17-230
Białowieża, Poland, ezin@las.ibl.bialowieza.pl; 2Warsaw University
of Life Sciences – SGGW, Department of Forest Botany,
159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland, arturo@
wl.sggw.pl
The aim of the study was to determine the influence of habitat
conditions and phorophyte features on diversity and abundance
of epiphytic bryoflora on Norway spruce in natural forest. Research
material was collected on 60 trees. The trees were growing
in four forest communities characteristic for the Białowieża
National Park: pine-oak mixed forest, oak-linden-hornbeam forest,
streamside ash-alder forest and black alder-bog forest. The
inventory of bryoflora was carried out on the tree base – up to
0,5 m from the ground, and on the trunk – above 0,5 m. A total
of 27 species of bryophytes were recorded, including 5 liverworts;
16 of them were observed only on tree bases, one species
exclusively on trunks and 10 in both sections. In each forest
community a much higher number of species and coverage of
bryophytes were found on tree bases than on trunks. The main
factor differentiating the bryoepiphyte communities on Norway
spruce, was the surrounding forest community and the second
important factor was the tree section. The influence of forest
community on bryoflora was recorded on tree bases, which were
colonized by facultative epiphytes.
LIVErWOrTS OF THE CENTrAL PArT OF THE
BESKId WYSPOWY rANGE: SPECIES rICHNESS,
ECOLOGY, dISTrIBUTION
Zubel robert. Maria Curie-Skłodowska University Department
of Botany and Mycology, 19 Akademicka St., 20-218 Lublin,
Poland, robert.zubel@poczta.umcs.lublin.pl
During hepaticological investigations carried out in the Beskid
Wyspowy Range, 80 liverwort species were discovered. The
analysis of the local species richness on a 1 x 1 km grid (a total
area ca. 200 km 2 ) shows an unequal (“island”) distribution
pattern of the local biodiversity. Specific geomorphologic character
of the study area, and human activity, caused the occurrence
of centers of local species richness, which are refugees for
threatened, protected and rare species, e.g. Frullania tamarisci,
Jungermannia subelliptica, J. obovata, Lophozia longidens,
Leiocolea bantriensis, Barbilophozia hatcheri, Riccardia multifida
and Porella platyphylla. A group of rare and very rare
species is an important component of the local flora (over 37%),
whereas the mountain species comprise almost 60 % of the local
flora. The investigations also documented the extinction of two
liverwort species, namely Lophozia ascendens and L. obtusa.
These species were still reported to be in this area in the 1960’s.
In this case the main destructive factor was non-controlled forestry.
Among all habitat types, the richest are torrents and mineral
soil. The greatest floristic similarity was shown on: flora of
trunk and base of trees, rocks and torrential habitats, as well as
stones and mineral soil. The local liverwort flora has a transitional
fitogeographical character between the floras of the Gorce
and the Wielka Racza (part of the Beskid Żywiecko-Orawski
Range).
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