acta societatis botanicorum poloniae - LV Zjazd Polskiego ...

55th Meeting of the Polish Botanical Society, Warsaw 2010
PALAEOBOTANICAL STUdIES OF dYSTrOPHIC
LAKES OF THE WIGrY NATIONAL PArK – PrELIMI-
NArY rESULTS
drzymulska danuta, Kupryjanowicz Mirosława. University
of Białystok, Institute of Biology, Department of Botany,
20B Świerkowa St., 15-950 Białystok, Poland; d.drzymulska@
uwb.edu.pl; m.kupryjanowicz@uwb.edu.pl
Dozen of small dystrophic lakes, called “suchary” is located in
the territory of the Wigry National Park. Altogether 12 of them
were selected in order to investigate the history of their vegetation
changes. Palaeobotanical studies are conducted mainly by
the method of plant macroscopic remains analysis. Sediments of
three chosen lakes (Suchar Wielki, Suchar II and Jezioro Ślepe)
are also studied by the pollen analysis method. Preliminary results
of research indicate that initiation of a peat forming process
in the vicinity of Jezioro Widne, started in the first half of the
Atlantic period (7790±50 BP) – peatmoss-sedge phytocoenosis
with birch shrubs occurred then on mineral ground. The Jezioro
Ślepe’s oldest sediments are connected with the Preboreal
period (9560±35 BP) and their character suggests they accumulated
on the border line of two environments: land and water. In
the region of Jezioro Sucharek, peat started to be deposited in
the first half of the Boreal period (8765±50 BP). An acid moss
community with brown mosses, sedges and peatmosses was the
initiator of the peat forming process, in the Preboreal period,
in Suchar Wielki. The oldest sediments of Suchar II date back
to the earlier Holocene and the roof layer, which is made up of
about 3.50 m of sediment, represents the last 3000 years. These
findings indicate a very high rate of accumulation in this period
(approximately 1.17 mm/year).
THE LATE GLACIAL HISTOrY OF THE VEGETA-
TION dESCrIBEd IN THE BIOGENIC SEdIMENTS OF
THE LUBIANKA rIVEr’S SUBGLACIAL CHANNEL
(DoBRZyńSKA UPLAND)
Gamrat Wojciech W. Nicolaus Copernicus University, Institute
of Geography, 9 Gagarina St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland, wojgam@
stud.umk.pl
The Lubianka River’s subglacial channel is part of a larger
complex of subglacial tunnels located in the dobrzyńska and
chełmińska upland and Drwęca ice marginal streamway. Two
profils from the northen-west part of Dobrzyńskie Lakeland
have been used for palynological research. Piotrkowo 1 profile
has been drafted from the bed of the subglacial channel. The
bottom part of sediments (938– 1440 cm) consists of gray silts
with a dark layer of laminated silt at a depth of 1203– 1197 cm.
The pollen spectra from the deepest part of the profile describes
vegetation typical for the end of Oldest Dryas. The sediments
at the top of profile describe vegetation from Bölling-Alleröd
interstadial and stadial of Younger Dryas. Rudaw 1 profile has
been drafted from a kettle hole about 3 km north of Piotrkowo
1 profile. Accumulation of sediments of the bottom part on this
site is connected with the Late Glacial Period. It starts with a series
of gray silts – probably formed in pre-Alleröd. The sedimentation
of organic deposits begins from Alleröd. They consist
of an 8 cm layer of gyttja and peat, this sediment continues
till the end of the profile. A hiatus of 400 cm in depth forms the
boundary of Late Glacial and Holocene, as under it the deposits
are holocene. The results of palinological research in these sites
suggest Late Glacial genesis of the Lubianka River’s subglacial
channel and complex hydrology, on both the sites.
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SYSTEMATIC COMPOSITION ANd PALAEOECOLOG-
IC INTErPrETATION OF THE LATEST CrETACEOUS
LEAF FLOrAS FrOM SOUTH-EASTErN POLANd
ANd THE WESTErN UKrAINE
Halamski Adam T. Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of
Paleobiology, 51/55 Twarda St., 00-818, Warsaw, Poland, ath@
twarda.pan.pl
Campanian to Maastrichtian (latest Cretaceous, approximately
85 to 63 millions of years ago) leaf floras are known from
several outcrops of marine rocks in south-eastern Poland and
the westernmost Ukraine (among others Jędrzejów, Kazimierz
Dolny, Krasnobród, Potelič/Potylicz). Quantitatively, the bulk
of the flora is composed of Conifers, amid which Geinitzia reichenbachiana
is the commonest species, occurring probably in
the Campanian and commonly in both lower and upper Maastrichtian.
Among other species, much less numerous Cunninghamites
ubaghsii, common within the Maastricht area, may be
reported. Angiosperms are much rarer, yet they are apparently
(their revision has not been completed) more diversified. Dewalquea
pentaphylla, one of commoner and easier to recognise
taxa, is represented by complete compound leaves. Quercophyllum
sp. and Lauraceae indet. are known from more fragmentary
remains. Angiosperms are primarily known in the lower
Maastrichtian. They are rarer in the Campanian and the upper
Maastrichtian. Representatives of other groups of plants, like
ferns, are very rare. This fossil assemblage can be tentatively
interpreted as representing coastal vegetation.
THE LATEST rESEArCH OF MESOZOIC FLOrA
FrOM POLANd – THE MOST FrEqUENT PrOBLEMS
INVOLVEd IN dETErMINING THE FOSSIL MACrO-
FLOrA
Jarzynka Agata 1 , Barbacka Maria 2 . 1 Polish Academy of Sciences,
W. Szafer Institute of Botany, 46 Lubicz St., 31-512 Cracow,
Poland, a.jarzynka@botany.pl; 2 Hungarian Natural History
Museum, Department of Botany, Pf. 222, H-1476 Budapest,
Hungary, barbacka@botan.nhmus.hu
The basis of the research for a PhD thesis is a revision of the XIX
century materials of Professor Raciborski from the Grojec’s
Middle Jurassic clays (Cracow area). Because of constantly
changing trends in the palaeobotanical research, new studies
of the well-known and widely quoted literature collections are
necessary. The basic problem with the collection from Grojec, is
the preservation state of macroremains. The predominant components
are the impressions of leaf fragments which show the
details of their morphology very well, but in default of the cuticles,
the use of the cuticle analysis is excluded. This situation
is rather unfortunate, because this kind of analyses is the basis
of the modern determination process. Furthermore, a respective
group of fossil planta and their organs have a different fossil
potential, so in the Grojec area mainly ferns and various kinds
of leaves were preserved. For this collection it is not possible
to match individual leaves to generative organs, thus the use of
a natural system of classification is impossible. In many cases,
the fragments of the same plant, function as different species
(comparatively unstable morphotaxons). Their classified position
is permanently changing causing confusion and disorder
with every attempted new publication.