acta societatis botanicorum poloniae - LV Zjazd Polskiego ...

in vitro CULTUrING OF THE MYCOBIONT ProtoPArmelioPsis
murAlis (SCHrEB.) CHOISY ANd
ITS rESYNTHESIS WITH dIFFErENT PHOTOBIONT
SPECIES
Guzow-Krzemińska Beata1 , Stocker-Wörgötter Elfriede2
. 1University of Gdańsk, Department of Molecular Biology,
24 Kładki St., 80-822 Gdańsk, Poland, beatagk@biotech.
ug.gda.pl; 2University of Salzburg, Departament of Organismic
Biology, 34 Hellbrunner Str., 5020 Salzburg, Austria,
Elfriede.Stocker@sbg.ac.at
Protoparmeliopsis muralis (Schreb.) Choisy is a widespread
and ubiquitous lichen. The previous study showed that the mycobiont
is able to form a thallus with several Trebouxia species.
The mycobiont was isolated from the lichen thalli and
cultured in vitro on different media. The best growth was
observed on the following media: Murashige-Skoog, G-LBM
and PDA. The compatibility of Trebouxia spp. and Asterochloris
algae with the mycobiont P. muralis was investigated in
resynthesis experiments. Different media were tested and the
re-lichenized bionts were observed with a scanning electron
microscope. It was found that in addition to compatible photobionts
of the genus Trebouxia, also presumably incompatible
Asterochloris sp. was able to interact with the mycobiont.
It was observed that the hyphae enveloped the aggregates of
algal cells. The lower selecivity level could be advantageous
for survival of the mycobiont especially on substrata where
the lichen fungus acts as a pioneer, successfully colonizing
new habitats. Acknowledgements: The study was financially
supported by Marie Curie Fellowship project no. 24206. BGK
also acknowledges the support of Marie Curie European Reintegration
Grant project no. 239343.
LICHEN BIOTA OF THE KArKONOSZE MTS IN COM-
PArISON WITH OTHEr HErCYNIAN MOUNTAIN
rANGES OF CENTrAL EUrOPE
Kossowska Maria. University of Wrocław, Institute of Plant
Biology, Department of Biodiversity and Plant Cover Protection,
6/8 Kanonia St., 50-328 Wrocław, Poland, kossmar@biol.
uni.wroc.pl
The Karkonosze Mts belong to the hercynian mountain ranges,
created during the hercynian orogeny in Carboniferous and
secondarily uplifted as blok mountains during alpine mountain
formation. They are composed by acid rocks, such as granites,
gneisses and mica schists, with small inclusions of basic crystalline
limestones and basalts. The other hercynian mountain
ranges in Central Europe are Šumava (Bohemian/Bavarian
Forest), Ore Mountains, Harz and Black Forest. Among them,
the Karkonosze Mts are the highest and the most differentiated
ones and cover the smallest area. Therefore, they could serve as
a model example of the hercynian mountain range of Central
Europe. The occurence of lichens belonging to various habitat
groups in all the mentioned mountain ranges, was analysed. The
lichen biota of the hercynian ranges seems to be rather similar,
especially in the saxicolous habitat group. The lichen biota of
the Karkonosze Mts is the most similar to analogous biota of the
Black Forest (502 common species; Sørensen similarity index
64,77). The characteristic feature of the Karkonosze Mts is the
occurence of the conspicious group of lichen species not reported
from other hercynian ranges (115 taxa). Some of them occur
in Central Europe only in the Karkonosze and Tatra Mountains
(high-mountain species, mostly of arctic-alpine distirbution).
Lichenology
LICHEN ExTINCTION IN THE BIESZCZAdY NATION-
AL PArK
Kościelniak Robert. Pedagogical University of Cracow, Institute
of Biology, 3 Podbrzezie St., 31-054 Cracow, Poland,
rkosciel@up.krakow.pl
Detailed research into the lichen biota of the Bieszczady National
Park has been carried out since 1999. During the research
very sensitive and rare in Poland lichen species have
been observed; they formed large populations which did not
seem to be endangered. They included such species as Belonia
herculana, Caloplaca herbidella, Lobaria pulmonaria, Menegazzia
terebrata, Nephroma parile, Thelotrema lepadinum,
Usnea faginea and U. florida. Locally, numerous thalli of species
from the genera Bryoria and Usnea were recorded, as
well as Evernia divaricata, Ochrolechia pallescens and some
species from the genus Parmotrema. Massive degeneration
of thalli of different lichen species was first observed in July
2008 in the Rzeczyca valley. Because of the close vicinity to
the Bieszczady ring road and dramatic increase in traffic in
the recent years, the damage of thalli was attributed to traffic
emission. Unfortunately, in 2009 a similar phenomenon was
recorded within the whole area of the Bieszczady National
Park. This was true even in places where the impact of traffic
is insignificant. The situation seems alarming, especially in
the context of recolonization of lichens in the whole country
and because of the fact that not only sensitive species but also
those which are common (e.g. Hypogymnia physodes, Parmelia
sulcata) are subject to extinction. At present the authorities
of the Bieszczady National Park and WIOŚ in Rzeszów have
initiated action aimed at explaining the reasons for lichen extinction.
Research was supported by the Ministry of Science
and Higher Education (grant No N N305 2012 35).
LICHENS OF OAK-HOrNBEAM FOrESTS ON THE
AREA of tHE PoJEZIERZE oLSZtyńSKIE LAKE-
LANd
Kubiak dariusz. Warmia and Mazury University in Olsztyn,
Department of Mycology, Faculty of Biology, 1A Oczapowskiego
St., 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland, darkub@uwm.edu.pl
Mesophytic deciduous forests (Carpinion betuli), as the predominating
type of potential vegetation in Poland, play an important
role in preserving the species diversity of the country.
In 2009, a study was undertaken to analyze the taxonomic and
ecological diversity of lichens in mixed oak-hornbeam forests of
the Pojezierze Olsztyńskie Lakeland. It was conducted with the
method of floristic inventories. The study was performed on an
area of 400m2 in well-preserved or well-developed patches of
forest community. The full taxonomic and ecological diversity
of the lichens was analyzed at each collecting site. In the case
of epiphytes, detailed characteristics were also made about their
cover-abundance. The expected effect of the study is the determination
of specific distribution patterns of lichens in selected,
highly natural forest communities. Those patterns may become
a point of reference and a practical tool in the evaluation of both
the preservation state of lichen biota richness and the degree
of transformation of those communities. Permanent identification
of the selected sites will enable not only the monitoring of
the preservation state of lichen biota but the natural conditions
of selected ecological systems as well. This study was partly
supported by the Ministry of Sciences and Higher Education,
Poland, Grant No. N N304 203737.
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