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ELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CONCENTrATION
OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNdS ANd SUGAr BEET SEEd
VIGOUr
Chomontowski Chrystian, Chołuj Danuta, Podlaski Sławomir.
Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Faculty
of Agriculture and Biology, Department of Plant Physiology,
159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-766 Warsaw, Poland, chrystian_
chomontowski@sggw.pl
Two different samples of sugar beet seeds with lower and higher
vigour where studied. Relationship between fluorescence of
chlorophyll in far red spectrum, concentration of phenolic compounds
and the seed vigour where analyzed. The effect of seed
polishing and depleting on those relations was also studied. It
was found that the quality of phenolic substances were the same
in all examined seeds, but their concentration was diversified.
Three phenolic compounds whose concentrations were the highest
in all analyzed seeds, were identified: protokatechic acid,
chlorogenic acid and rutin. It was found, that at least three more
phenolic compounds were unidentified. The seed vigour was
negatively related to their fluorescence signal and phenols concentration.
Germination ability was lowered as the level of phenolic
compounds increased. Results of the examination imply
that the sugar beet seed fluorescence signal also depends on the
phenols presence. The results also suggest, that measurement of
fluorescence in a spectrum characteristic for chlorophyll could
be an alternative method for estimating sugar beet seed quality.
This is because high values of maximum fluorescence, result in
decreasing germination ability.
GErMINATION ANd dEVELOPMENT OF APPLE
SEEdLINGS ArE rEGULATEd BY NITrIC OxIdE
Dębska Karolina, Krasuska Urszula, Gniazdowska Agnieszka,
Bogatek renata. Warsaw University of Life Science
– SGGW, Department of Plant Physiology, 159 Nowoursynowska
St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland, kedebska@gmail.com
NO functions as a dormancy braking agent in seeds, it is produced
during the early phase of germination. NO and ROS are
necessary for control of post-germination seedling growth by
interaction with phytohormones. Mature seeds of apple (Malus
domestica Borkh.) are characterised by deep dormancy, which
may be broken by cold stratification. Short term (3 h) pre-treatment
of dormant apple embryo with NO, resulted in stimulation
of germination and growth of young (non-dormant) seedlings
without morphological anomalies (asymmetric growth and
greening of cotyledons). Similarly, short term NO fumigation of
5 day old dormant seedling, exhibiting morphological anomalies,
led to removal of anomalies and as a consequence the development
of normal seedling with two green cotyledons took
place. The aim of this study was to investigate photosynthetic
metabolism in 10 days old seedlings developed from dormant
embryos pre-treated for a short time with NO or seedlings developed
from dormant seedlings (5 days old) shortly treated
with NO. Photosynthetic activity of the seedlings pre-treated
with NO was higher than in the control (dormant). The beneficial
effect of NO on photosynthetic activity of young seedlings
was associated with increased chlorophyll concentration. The
chlorophyll fluorescence measurement indicated that NO treatment
of the embryos did not produce a severe effect on photochemical
efficiency of PSII. Involvement of NO in the control of
seedling growth will be discussed.
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry
PrOTEOMIC CHANGES IN GentiAnA cruciAtA EM-
BrYOGENIC CELL SUSPENSION dUrING ENCAPSU-
LATION-dEHYdrATION WITH THE APPLICATION
OF SUCrOSE IN CrYOPrESErVATION PrOTOCOL
Domżalska Lucyna 1 , Rybczyński Jan J. 2 Polish Botanical Garden
– Center for Biological Diversity Conservation of the Polish
Academy of Sciences, 2 Prawdziwka St., 02-973 Warsaw, Poland;
1 lucyna.domzalska@gmail.com; 2 jjryb@ob.neostrada.pl
Safe storage of plant material in ultra-low temperatures requires
working out appropriate procedures. Tolerance to dehydratation
and freezing, which is induced at the stages of pretreatment,
is a condition for maintaining unchanged high viability
in plant material. Understanding the molecular basis of
response to the cryopreservation protocol permits optimizing
the methodology and assurance as to safety procedures as well
as plant material long-term storage at ultra low temperatures.
Embryogenic gentiana cell suspension was encapsulated in
1,3% calcium alginate beads. Capsules were incubated in medium
containing 0,3M, 0,5M, 0,75M sucrose, for 48hrs in each
concentration, and 1M sucrose for 24h. After pre-treatment
capsules were harvested, surface-dried by air for 5hrs at room
temperature and directly cooled in liquid nitrogen. Proteomic
patterns were done on each cryopreservation protocol stage
with sucrose concentration changing. Proteins were isolated
according to self modification of the Wang procedure. The
protein samples were focused using 3– 10 nonlinear IPG strips
for the 1st dimension, electroporetically separated on 12.5%
acrylamide gel and stained with CBB G-250. Image comparative
analysis was carried out with the Image Master 2D Platinum
software (Amersham Biosciences).
PErOxISOMAL ASCOrBATE PErOxIdASE (pAPx)
AS A MArKEr OF SALT TOLErANCE IN BEET (betA
vulGAris)
dunajska Kamila, tyburski Jarosław, Tretyn Andrzej.
Nicolaus Copernicus University, Institute of General and Molecular
Biology, Department of Biotechnology, 9 Gagarina St.,
87-199 Toruń, Poland; dunajska@doktorant.umk.pl; tybr@
umk.pl; prat@umk.pl
Obtaining a high-quality raw material requires B. vulgaris cultivars
selected for the resistance to abiotic stress factors. The
negative effect of abiotic stress is strongly dependent on the generation
of reactive oxygen species (ROS). A key role in the detoxification
of ROS is attributed to ascorbate peroxidase (APX).
The APX activity determines the efficiency of the antioxidant
systems, which are responsible for adaptation to adverse environmental
conditions. Peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase cDNA
(BvpAPX) was isolated from B. vulgaris leaves. The seedlings
of two red – beet (B. vulgaris) varieties and wild salt-tolerant
beet (B. maritima) were subjected to 150 and 500 mM NaCl.
BvpAPX gene expression level was investigated using Real Time
RT-PCR, in order to verify the functionality of BvpAPX gene as
a molecular marker of resistance to salinity. The initial level of
BvpAPX transcript in B. maritima was significantly higher than
in salt – sensitive beet cultivars. During salt stress, BvpAPX expression
in B. maritima significantly increased, responding in
a dose – dependent manner to salt concentration. In cultivated
beets transcript levels remained at a comparable level with that
of the control. The results indicate the usefulness of BvpAPX as
a molecular marker of the resistance to salinity in B. vulgaris.
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