acta societatis botanicorum poloniae - LV Zjazd Polskiego ...

55th Meeting of the Polish Botanical Society, Warsaw 2010
ENdOZOOCHOrOUS PLANT dISPErSAL BY A GUILd
of UNGULAtES IN tHE BIAŁoWIEżA PRIMEvAL
FOrEST
Jaroszewicz Bogdan 1 , Pirożnikow Ewa 2 , Sondej Izabela
3 . 1 University of Warsaw, Białowieża Geobotanical Station,
19 Sportowa St., 17-230 Białowieża, Poland, b.jaroszewicz@
uw.edu.pl; 2 University of Białystok, Institute of Biology, 20b
Świerkowa St., 15-328 Białystok, Poland; 3 University of Szczecin,
Department of Vertebrate Anatomy and Zoology, 13 Wąska
St., 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
Endozoochory is an essential process for plant dispersal. This
is especially true for species with seeds morphologically not
adapted to long-distance dispersal. The objective of the study
was to investigate the role of a guild of ungulates in the process
of plant diaspore dispersal in forest ecosystems. The content of
viable seeds in faeces was analysed by the seedling germination
method during one vegetation season. From 273 samples of animal
faeces 10185 seedlings (175 taxa) germinated. Urtica dioica
constituted 66% of all seedlings. Only U. dioica and Rubus
ideaus were found in the faeces of all studied animal species.
The highest seed concentration per litre of faeces and the highest
number of plant species were recorded in the faeces of red
deer, and the lowest in the faeces of moose and wild boar. Red
deer and bison faeces contained the highest number of species
not dispersed by other studied animals (almost 40%). Ungulate
species in the Białowieża Forest demonstrated a relatively high
complementarity of functions in plant dispersal. Pools of plant
species dispersed by individual animal species demonstrated
little similarity. This lack of similarity was reflected in the low
value (< 0.34) of the Jaccard similarity index, for the composition
of plant species whose seeds were found in the faeces of the
studied animals.
THE SYNANTHrOPIC PLANTS OF THE WESTErN
PARt of PoDGóRZE RZESZoWSKIE
Jaźwa Małgorzata. Jagiellonian University, Institute of Botany,
Department of Plant Taxonomy and Phytogeography, 27 Kopernika
St., 31-501 Cracow, Poland, malgorzata_jazwa@interia.pl
Podgórze Rzeszowskie is an area extending like an arch from
Rzeszów to Przemyśl. There was no detailed floristic research
in this area and the existing data is of fragmentary and historical
character. The characteristic feature of the analyzed flora
is the high percentage of alien species called antropophytes.
The synanthropic plants constitute over a half of the currently
recorded vascular plants, the majority of which is comprised
of the apophytes (e.g. Calamagrostis epigejos, Phalaris arundinacea,
Phragmites australis). The archaeophytes constitute
over 10% of the recorded species (e.g. Agrostema githago,
Bromus tectorum, Descurainia sophia, Hyoscyamus niger,
Verbena officinalis) and the kenophytes (e.g. Cardaria draba,
Chenopodium schraderianum, Eragrostis minor, Eragrostis
pilosa, Typha laxmanii) also constitute over 10% of the recorded
species. The majority of the above-mentioned alien species
are common weeds and ruderal plants, related to the modified
stretches within the area (railway tracks, fields, roadsides,
paths, rubble heaps, shoulders). In the area of research, there
are common species of kenophytes considered to be invasive
plants, such as Acer negundo, Echinocystis lobata, Helianthus
tuberosus, Impatiens glandulifera, Padus serotina, Reynoutria
japonica, Rosa rugosa, Rudbecka laciniata, Solidago gigantea.
These plants most frequently enter the natural habitats
and can be found en masse in oxbow lakes, river shores, riverine
forests and willow overgrowth, thus forming the phytocoenosis
with very few species.
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OrCHIdS (OrCHIdACEAE) OF THE OLKUSZ OrE-
BEArING rEGION (SILESIA-CrACOW UPLANd)
Jędrzejczyk-Korycińska Monika1 , Nowak Teresa2 . University
of Silesia, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection,
Department of Plant Systematics, 28 Jagiellońska
St., 40-032 Katowice, Poland, 1mjedrzej@us.edu.pl; 2teresa. nowak@us.edu.pl
The Olkusz Ore-bearing Region is the most important place for
zinc and lead extraction in Poland. Here, the development of
metal mining and the smelting industry created new forms of
land relief. These new forms are characterized by an extremely
dry and toxic substrate. In 2008– 2009 we carried out our research
on orchid distribution and species richness. The studied
area was divided into 48 squares of 1 km2 according to ATPOL
methodology. We noted an occurrence of 10 Orchidaceae taxa
– 8 species and 2 hybrids. Among the most frequent species
were: Epipactis helleborine and E. atrorubens as well as Malaxis
monophyllos. On the other hand, Dactylorhiza incarnata
and D. majalis can be treated as declining species. During the
research we also found a locality of Goodyera repens. This is
a species which has never been reported in this area before. This
study was supported within the Financial Mechanism of the European
Economic Area.
dISTrIBUTION ANd HABITAT PrEFErENCES OF
GAleoPsis AnGustifoliA (EHrH.) HOFFM. ANd
G. lAdAnum L. ON THE BASIS OF A rEVISION OF
HErBArIUM MATErIALS – PrELIMINArY rE-
SULTS
Jonik Małgorzata1 , Nobis Agnieszka 2 , Nobis Marcin3 . Jagiellonian
University, Institute of Botany, Department of Plant
Taxonomy and Phytogeography, 27 Kopernika St., 31-501 Cracow,
Poland; 1charlottegc@o2.pl; 2agnieszka.nobis@uj.edu.pl; 3m.nobis@uj.edu.pl The Galeopsis genus is represented in Poland by 7 species – 6
of them i.e., G. angustifolia, G. bifida, G. ladanum, G. pubescens,
G. speciosa and G. tetrahit are established components
of the flora, whereas G. segetum is an ephemerophyte. The
distribution as well as habitat preferences in the area of our
country of the two morphologically similar species – G. ladanum
and G. angustifolia are still poorly known. In the Distribution
Atlas of Vascular Plants in Poland they were treated
as an aggregate and their distribution was presented in one,
cumulative map. In 2009– 2010 the revision of herbarium materials
representing G. ladanum and G. angustifolia deposited
in the two Polish herbaria (KRA and KRAM) was carried out.
Our study gathers data on the distribution, both of the species
(especially in southern Poland), as well as the information
concerning habitats occupied by them. The distribution of
the species was shown using the ATPOL grid square system.
G. angustifolia is a species occurring mostly in railway areas.
G. ladanum is very often a component of segetal communities
(mainly on sandy soils) and sandy grasslands. A discussion
concerning the status of G. ladanum and G. angustifolia in
Polish flora is also included.
PArTICIPATION OF elodeA nuttAllii (PLANCH.)
H. ST. JOHN. IN AqUATIC MACrOPHYTES PLANT
COMMUNITIES IN POLANd
Kamiński Dariusz. Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department
of Plant Taxonomy and Geography, 9 Gagarina St., 87-100
Toruń, Poland, daro@umk.pl
Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) H. St. John. (western waterweed) is
a native plant of North America. In Europe it has been known
since 1939. In Poland it was first recorded in 1990 in the Biebrza