Health Inequities in Manitoba: Is the Socioeconomic Gap

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Chapter 3: Mortality Figure 3.7: Premature Mortality Disparity Rate Ratios by Urban and Rural Income Quintile 30 University of Manitoba Adjusted by (2004-2007) Figure 3.7: age Premature & sex per Mortality 1,000 residents Disparity aged Rate 0-74 Ratios by Urban and Rural Income Quintile Disparity Rate Ratios Figure 3.8: Premature Mortality Disparity Rate Differences by Urban and Rural Income Quintile Adjusted by Figure (2004-2007) 3.8: Premature age & sex Mortality per 1,000 Disparity residents Rate aged Differences 0-74 by Urban and Rural Income Quintile Adjusted by (2004-2007) age & sex per 1,000 residents aged 0-74 5 Disparity Rate Differences 4 3 2 1 0 T1: 1984- 1988 T2: 1989- 1993 T3: 1994- 1998 T4: 1999- 2003 T5: 2004- 2007 Urban Disparity Rate Differences 2.72 2.85 3.19 3.47 3.46 Rural Disparity Rate Differences 1.39 1.14 1.74 Time Period (years) 2.35 2.19 Urban Disparity Rate Differences T5 to T1: 1.27, p< .001 Rural Disparity Rate Differences T5 to T1: 1.58, p< .001 5 4 3 2 1 0 T1: 1984- 1988 T2: 1989- 1993 T3: 1994- 1998 T4: 1999- 2003 T5: 2004- 2007 Urban Disparity Rate Ratios 1.91 2.15 2.38 2.71 2.88 Rural Disparity Rate Ratios 1.35 1.31 1.55 Time Period (years) 1.83 1.86 Urban Disparity Rate Ratios T5 to T1: 1.50 (95% CI 1.36, 1.67 ) p< .001 Rural Disparity Rate Ratios T5 to T1: 1.38 (95% CI 1.22, 1.55 ) p< .001 Source: Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, 2010 Source: Manitoba Centre for Health Policy, 2010
Health Inequities in Manitoba: Is the Socioeconomic Gap in Health Widening or Narrowing Over Time? Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL) Definition Potential years of life lost (PYLL) is an indicator of early death (before age 75), which gives greater weight to deaths occurring at a younger age than to those at later ages. PYLL emphasizes the loss to society of the potential contribution that younger individuals can make. By emphasizing the loss of life at an early age, PYLL focuses attention on the need to deal with the major causes of early deaths, such as injury, in order to improve health status. For example, the death of a 50–year–old contributes ‘one death’ to premature mortality, but ‘25 years’ to PYLL; whereas the death of a 70–year–old also contributes ‘one death’ to premature mortality, but only ‘five years’ to PYLL. In this report, PYLL is the average annual number of potential years of life lost for deaths up to age 74, per 1,000 residents from birth to age 74. For each death, the PYLL value is calculated as: PYLL = 75 – age at death. This indicator has some similarity to premature mortality and life expectancy, but PYLL is more sensitive to deaths at younger ages. Rates were calculated for four 5–year periods and a final four–year period and were age– and sex–adjusted to the Manitoba population in the last time period. NOTE: in other MCHP reports, PYLL has also been analysed as the potential years of life lost for deaths from age one to 74 per 1,000 residents aged one to 74. Analyses of PYLL excluding the births occurring during the first year of life are available on request from the lead author (P. Martens). There is little overall change in trends or in measures of inequality, but the PYLL rates are around 10–15% lower. Time Periods Average annual rate per 1,000 T1: 1984–1988 75.15 T2: 1989–1993 68.56 T3: 1994–1998 67.98 T4: 1999–2003 62.50 T5: 2004–2007 60.53 Key findings: Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL) Manitoba overall rates: • From the first time period T1 (1984–1988) to the last time period T5 (2004–2007), the PYLL (potential years of life lost among residents dying before the age of 75, per 1,000 residents 74 and under) dropped from 75.15 to 60.53 years per 1,000 provincially. Rates by neighbourhood income quintile over time: Rural: • From T1 to T5, the PYLL of rural neighbourhood income quintile groups R3 to R5 decreased steadily, whereas the PYLL of R2 remained unchanged except for a jump in T3 (1994–1998). In the lowest rural neighbourhood income quintile (R1), there was a drop from T1 to T2 (1989–1993) but thereafter the rate increased slightly. Manitoba Centre for Health Policy 31
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HEALTH INEQUITIES IN MANITOBA: Is t
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About the Manitoba Centre For Healt
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Dr. Patricia Martens acknowledges t
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Key findings: High School Completio
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List of Figures Figure 1.1 Distribu
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Health Inequities in Manitoba: Is t
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Figure 5.2: Diabetes Prevalence Ove
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Figure 5.26: Multiple Sclerosis Pre
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References: Health Inequities in Ma
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Figure 6.2: Continuity of Care Prev
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CONFIDENTIAL -- NOT FOR DISTRIBUTIO
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Figure 7.2: Prevalence of Cumulativ
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Dementia Health Inequities in Manit
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Figure 7.10: Dementia Prevalence Ov
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Figure 7.18: Prevalence of Complete
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Reference Health Inequities in Mani
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Reference Health Inequities in Mani
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Table 9.1: Continued Indicator RURA
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Table 9.1: Continued Health Inequit
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Table A2.3: Crude Numbers of Mortal
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Table A2.5: Crude Numbers for High
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Table A2.7: Crude Numbers for Denta
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Table A2.11: Crude Numbers for Isch
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CONFIDENTIAL ‐‐ NOT FOR DISTRIB
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Figure A3.2: High School Appendix C
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Health Inequities in Manitoba: Is the Socioeconomic Gap

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