ics; evolution; gemmules; genes; hybridization; Mendelism; pangenes; variation heritability, measure <strong>of</strong>, 298–299n49. See also acquired traits Hertwig, Oscar, 147–149, 150, 154 Hertwig, Richard, 147, 153 Hieracium: Mendel’s study <strong>of</strong>, 97, 98–99, 100, 112; reason for atypical behavior <strong>of</strong>, 307n50 Histoire de science et des savants depuis deux siècles (De Candolle), 26–29, 30 History <strong>of</strong> <strong>Gene</strong>tics (Sturtevant), 185–186, 188, 193 Hitler, Adolf, 254, 270 homozygosity, 329n45 Hooker, Joseph Dalton, 1, 2, 30, 33, 54, 71 Hopkins, William, 7, 8 horses, coat color inheritance in, 132– 133, 135–140, 141–142, 191, 326n18 human genome, sequencing <strong>of</strong>, 205, 282, 285–286, 287–289, 290 Huntington’s disease, genes for, 284 Hurst, Charles Chamberlain, 133–140, 141, 142–143, 191, 313n42 Huxley, Julian, 209, 221, 267, 268, 271, 272, 274 Huxley, Thomas, 2, 30, 209 hybridization: backcross in, 306n35; fertility vs. infertility and, 90–91; Mendel’s experiments in, 91–100, 106, 110–111, 306n35. See also insects; Mendelism; Mendel’s laws; mice; plants; names <strong>of</strong> hybridized species “Hybridization in a Mutating Period in Drosophila” (Morgan), 179 “Hybridizing <strong>of</strong> Monstrosities” (De Vries), 84 idiochromosome <strong>the</strong>ory, in sex determination, 168–171 idioplasm, 100. See also gemmules; germ-plasm; pangenes inbreeding, 201, 343n73 independent assortment: Bateson and, 114; Boveri and, 182; Correns and, 329–330n49; Mendel’s law <strong>of</strong>, 94– 96, 98, 163, 183. See also hybridization; Mendelism; Mendel’s laws <strong>In</strong>diana University, 273, 278 inheritance. See acquired traits; heredity; heritability; hybridization insects, studies <strong>of</strong> chromosomes in, 156–159, 168, 175. See also names <strong>of</strong> insects intelligence. See mental aptitude interference, in double crossovers, 327n29 <strong>In</strong>ternational HapMap Project, 288–289, 290 intersexes, Bridges’s discovery <strong>of</strong>, 345n112 <strong>In</strong>tracellular Pangenesis (De Vries), 72–78 intravarietal crossing, <strong>the</strong>ory <strong>of</strong>, 263, 264, 343n73 Jacobs, Jessie. See Muller, Jessie Jacobs Janssens, Frans-Alfons, 182–183 Johannsen, Wilhelm, 200–201, 230, 329nn44,46 Kantorowicz, Thea. See Muller, Thea Kantorowicz INDEX © 361
362 ¨ INDEX Kelvin, William Thompson, 1st baron, 7 Kerkis, Y. Y., 259 Knight, Andrew, 91, 115 Koelreuter, Joseph, 316n28 Kohler, Rob, 187 Koltsov, N. K., 266 Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste, 3, 49, 73, 217– 218 Lamarckian inheritance. See acquired traits Lander, Eric, 288 law <strong>of</strong> ancestral inheritance. See ancestral inheritance, Galton’s law <strong>of</strong> law <strong>of</strong> averages, 10 law <strong>of</strong> frequency <strong>of</strong> errors, 31–32, 33, 36, 46 Law <strong>of</strong> Heredity, The (Brooks), 49 law <strong>of</strong> independent assortment (Mendel’s second law). See independent assortment “Law <strong>of</strong> Multiplication by Cell Division, The” (Remak), 148 law <strong>of</strong> segregation (Mendel’s first law). See segregation, law <strong>of</strong> Laxton, Thomas, 115 Lenin, V. I., 254, 255 lethal mutations: gametic, 332n21; mapping <strong>of</strong>, 222, 239, 334–335n6; measuring frequency <strong>of</strong>, 221–227, 334n3; recessive, 222, 331nn11,12; X-ray induced, 239–240. See also balanced lethal factors; chromosomes; genes; mutations; Renner complexes Letters in Probabilities (Quetelet), 10 Levit, Solomon, 247, 249, 255, 263, 266, 267, 269 Lewes, George, 29 Lock, R. H., 190, 325–326n15 Loeb, Jacques, 215, 217 Lusitania, HMS, 233 Lychnis, hybridization experiments on, 83–84, 119–121 Lysenko, Tr<strong>of</strong>im, 257–259, 263–265, 266, 267, 269, 341n48, 343n73 MacLeod, Julius, 79 Mark, E. I., 315n7 Marxism, 254 “Materialism and Empirocriticism” (Lenin), 254 Materials for <strong>the</strong> Study <strong>of</strong> Variation (Bateson), 50, 51, 52–53 Mavor, James W., 237 Maxwell, James Clerk, 7, 30 McCarty, Maclyn, 277 McClung, Clarence, 155–158, 159, 160, 163, 165, 168, 317n36, 318n46 McLeod, Colin, 277 mean, reversion to <strong>the</strong>, 35–37, 78, 201 Mechanisch-physiologische Theorie der Abstammungslehre (Naegeli), 100 Mechanism <strong>of</strong> Mendelian Heredity, The (Morgan), 186, 205 meiosis, 150, 151–152, 153, 159–160, 162, 264, 318n48, 318–319n49, 319n52. See also cell biology Memories (Galton), 39–40 Mendel, Anton, 87, 88 Mendel, Gregor: as Augustinian monk, 33, 89, 99; dominants misclassified
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ILLUSTRATIONS Charles Darwin and Fr
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