sabirJo saqmis safuZvlebi
sabirJo saqmis safuZvlebi
sabirJo saqmis safuZvlebi
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
fasiani qaRaldis cneba pirvelad germaniaSi warmoiSva da<br />
Semdeg sxva qveynebSi gavrcelda. saukunenaxevris winaT germanelma<br />
samarTalmcodneebma fasiani qaRaldi nivTobriv-samar-<br />
Tlebrivi Sinaarsis mqone dokumentad miiCnies. Tanamedrove<br />
gagebiT, germanul Teoriasa da praqtikaSi, fasian qaRaldad<br />
iseTi dokumenti iTvleba, romlis wardgena masSi ganivTebuli<br />
uflebebis gansaxorcieleblad aucilebelia. 1<br />
germanelTa Teoriul Sexedulebebs mTlianad iziareben<br />
SveicariaSic. gansakuTrebuli mdgomareoba ukavia frangul<br />
samarTlebriv doqtrinas. franguli samarTali ori saxis fasian<br />
qaRaldebs cnobs: pirveli moicavs masiuri emisiis im qa-<br />
Raldebs, romlebic safondo birJebze maklerebis xelSewyobiT<br />
mimoiqcevian. maT miekuTvneba obligaciebi da aqciebi. meore<br />
saxeobad iseTi qaRaldebia miCneuli, romlebic savaWro<br />
operaciebis angariSsworebisaTvis arian gankuTvnili, mag., Tamasuqebi<br />
da Cekebi.<br />
amgvarad, frangi iuristebis azriT, pirvel variantSi<br />
gvaqvs kapitalis bazari, xolo meoreSi _ fuladi bazari.<br />
Tumca, isic unda aRiniSnos, rom franguli samarTali konosaments<br />
arc erT jgufSi ar iTvaliswinebs. 2<br />
mocemuli sakiTxis Sesaxeb saerTo anu anglo-saqsonuri<br />
samarTali erTmaneTs daesesxa da dReisaTvis erToblivi Sexeduleba<br />
Camoayaliba. mag., amerikulma samarTalma sabrunavi<br />
dokumentebis Sesaxeb didi britaneTis 1882 wlis kanoni `sabrunavi<br />
Tamasuqebis Sesaxeb~ gamoiyena da Tavis samarTalSi fasian<br />
qaRaldebs securities-i uwoda, romelic mogvianebiT did<br />
britaneTSic gavrcelda.<br />
fasiani qaRaldebis Sesaxeb aSS-Si ramdenime kanonia miRebuli:<br />
1933 wlis kanoni `fasiani qaRaldebis Sesaxeb~, 1934 wlis<br />
kanoni `fasiani qaRaldebisa da safondo birJebis Sesaxeb~, 1940<br />
wlis kanoni `komerciuli korporaciebis Sesaxeb~, aseve erTiani<br />
amerikuli savaWro kodeqsi.<br />
aSS-Si fasian qaRaldebs Semdeg jgufebad yofen:<br />
sabrunavi instrumentebi (`negotiable instruments~) _ aqciebi,<br />
pai (wili);<br />
sainvesticio fasiani qaRaldebi (`investment securities~). maT<br />
miekuTvneba upirobo gadaxdis iseTi dokumentebi, rogoricaa<br />
1<br />
Алексеев И.А. Ценные бумаги: Опыт Германии. Иркутск. 1994, С. 67.<br />
2<br />
Агапеева Е.В. Правовое регулирование рынка ценных бумаг в России и<br />
США. М., 2004, С. 12.<br />
46