afst.bundel 8 MEI 07 - Technische Universiteit Eindhoven

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Ing. J. van de Brake Old technology for new buildings, a study on earth-to-air heat exchangers Afstudeerrichting Building Services Afstudeercommissie Prof. dr. ir. J.L.M. Hensen M. Trcka Dipl. Ing. Ir. J.G. Mast The consumption of fossil fuels today still increases all over the world. If this goes unchecked the CO2 concentration in the air will increase with 50% in the next 25 years. To counteract this prediction the Kyoto climate treaty was signed in 2002. For the Netherlands this would mean a 6% reduction of the CO2 emissions compared with the 159.4 Mton CO2 emissions of 1990. The largest reductions can be realised in the Build environment and Transport sector. The total primary energy consumption for Dutch commercial buildings in 2000 was in the excess of 306 Petajoule. The second largest energy consumer in this category is shops with a total energy consumption of 1938 MJ m-2. But it is also likely that the energy consumption of residential buildings will rise in the moderate climates. This is caused by people getting more accustomed to higher comfort levels during the summer. afstudeerbundel faculteit bouwkunde Datum afstuderen 29 januari 2008 Samenvatting During this study two models of earth-to-air heat exchangers were made. Using these models the effect of the primary design criterions, location and climate on the energy savings, the pressure loss caused by the exchanger and the outlet temperature of the exchanger were studied. The final goal of this study is to asses the applicability of ground cooling and heating with air for new shopping malls and houses in Europe. Trefwoorden Durable energy CO2 emission reduction Ventilation Simulation Feasibility A possible way of reducing the energy demand of the Build environment is by applying an earth-to-air heat exchanger. An earth-to-air heat exchanger dampens the effect of the ambient temperature on the heating and cooling demands for ventilation. But unfortunately not even
afstudeerbundel faculteit bouwkunde Afbeelding 1 Working principle of an earth-to-air heat exchanger 9 When all the soil parameters would be tackled simultaneously this would result in a maximum increase of 120%. The optimum design of an earth-to-air heat exchanger is an exchanger that consists of short pipes, small diameters and low airspeed. But when designing it is essential to keep the air flow turbulent and pressure loss low. The effect of the material of the exchanger on the energy savings is minimal compared to the other design criteria. It is better to select the material based upon practical design considerations like groundwater level. The largest savings are obtained in the first two meters in depth. After three meters the savings are minimal while the costs of digging increase significantly. The case study for the townhouse showed an average coverage between 6% and 8% of the annual heating load. The system performers more efficiently in cooling mode resulting in average coverage between 78% and 90%. The system is proofed to be effective for houses regarding CO2 reduction. Nevertheless the nowadays costs for such a system result in long pay back times. Possibly the initial costs will be reduced when applying these systems on large scale systems. The obtained CO2 reduction is 5-6% and the calculated payback time is 17-24 years excl. filter (44-81 years inclusive filter replacement). On a large scale project as a shopping mall the performance is better but the initial costs increase rapidly due to the need for special products. Therefore payback times between 88 and 338 years are found when including the replacement of the extra filters. Looking at the energy coverage (55% of the heating and 21 % of the cooling loads are covered) and the CO2 reduction (218,8 ton) the system makes sense after all. In order to make this system more cost effectively there should be searched for cheaper pipe materials. Based on the payback time, the coverage of the heating/cooling demand and environmental savings the choice of applying this technology is not based on the financial reasons but more on ideological and environmental reasons.
Page 1 and 2: ouwkunde Ing. D.A. Bommeljé Ing. J
Page 3 and 4: L.L.Soons SHED2.0 44 De Timmerfabri
Page 5: afstudeerbundel faculteit bouwkunde
Page 9 and 10: afstudeerbundel faculteit bouwkunde
Page 11 and 12: Afbeelding 2 Ontwerpvoorstel op bou
Page 13 and 14: Afbeelding 1 General business organ
Page 17 and 18: Afbeelding 2 Gebruikers Interface g
Page 19 and 20: Afbeelding 2 Parameter Scheme: Fill
Page 21 and 22: Afbeelding 2 Resultaten Europese ho
Page 23 and 24: Afbeelding 2 Maquette; bovenaanzich
Page 27 and 28: Begrippen uit de speltheorie en ond
Page 31 and 32: Afbeelding 2 Analyse projectniveau:
Page 33 and 34: Afbeelding 2 Principe klimaatontwer
Page 35 and 36: Afbeelding 3 Mesh van het Koning Bo
Page 37 and 38: Afbeelding 2 Plan of the station ar
Page 39 and 40: ing. Een belangrijke methode hiervo
Page 41 and 42: Figure 2 Mixing range of Dynamic Li
Page 43 and 44: Afbeelding 2 De Timmerfabriek aan d
Page 45 and 46: Figure 2 Model rectangular building
Page 47 and 48: Afbeelding 2 Bezweken hoge wandligg
Page 49 and 50: Afbeelding 2 Staafdiagrammen van he
Page 51 and 52: Afbeelding 2 Negenpoot gezien vanaf
Page 53 and 54: Afbeelding 2 Plattegrond tweede ver
Page 55 and 56: Afbeelding 2 Concept architectuur A
Page 57 and 58:
Afbeelding 1 afstudeerbundel facult
show all

afst.bundel 8 MEI 07 - Technische Universiteit Eindhoven

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?