Towards a Worldwide Index of Human Freedom
Towards a Worldwide Index of Human Freedom
Towards a Worldwide Index of Human Freedom
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
72 • <strong>Towards</strong> a <strong>Worldwide</strong> <strong>Index</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Human</strong> <strong>Freedom</strong><br />
Appendix B: Description and Methodology<br />
<strong>of</strong> Data Sources, <strong>Freedom</strong> <strong>Index</strong><br />
Note The source descriptions are taken from the original texts.<br />
Security and Safety<br />
Extrajudicial killing<br />
by CIRI <strong>Human</strong> Rights Data Project<br />
Description Killings by government <strong>of</strong>ficials without due process <strong>of</strong> law. They include<br />
murders by private groups if instigated by government. These killings<br />
may result from the deliberate, illegal, and excessive use <strong>of</strong> lethal<br />
force by the police, security forces, or other agents <strong>of</strong> the state whether<br />
against criminal suspects, detainees, prisoners, or others.<br />
Source The primary source <strong>of</strong> information about human rights practices is<br />
obtained from a careful reading <strong>of</strong> the annual United States Department<br />
<strong>of</strong> State’s Country Reports on <strong>Human</strong> Rights Practices. In addition,<br />
coders <strong>of</strong> this index also use a second source, Amnesty International’s<br />
Annual Report. If there are discrepancies between the two sources,<br />
coders are instructed to treat the Amnesty International evaluation as<br />
authoritative.<br />
Score 0 indicates that extrajudicial killings were practiced frequently in a given year;<br />
1 indicates that extrajudicial killings were practiced occasionally; and<br />
2 indicates that such killings did not occur in a given year.<br />
Pro’s 195 countries; annually since 1981<br />
Con’s —<br />
Torture<br />
by CIRI <strong>Human</strong> Rights Data Project<br />
Description Purposeful inflicting <strong>of</strong> extreme pain, whether mental or physical, by government<br />
<strong>of</strong>ficials or by private individuals at the instigation <strong>of</strong> government<br />
<strong>of</strong>ficials. Torture includes the use <strong>of</strong> physical and other force by<br />
police and prison guards that is cruel, inhuman, or degrading. This also<br />
includes deaths in custody due to negligence by government <strong>of</strong>ficials.<br />
Source The primary source <strong>of</strong> information about human rights practices is<br />
obtained from a careful reading <strong>of</strong> the annual United States Department<br />
<strong>of</strong> State’s Country Reports on <strong>Human</strong> Rights Practices. In addition,<br />
Fraser Institute ©2012 • www.fraserinstitute.org • www.freetheworld.com
Change language