The Green caldron - University Library

4 The Green Caldron
cation, in particular, is not a power given to the federal government. There-
fore, it falls under state jurisdiction, and the state may then decide for itself
whether it does or does not want segregation.
Segregation has also been condemned by different individuals as being
morally wrong. They quote Biblical passages to show that God disapproves
of segregation and considers all men equal. They cite the passage stating that
one should treat a stranger in the same way he would treat one of his own
family. But these pro-integrationists forget that the Bible does indicate
that there are distinctions between people. The best example of this distinction
appears in the Book of Exodus, Chapter XXI, where the following statement
appears : "If thou buy a Hebrew servant, six years shall he serve," and if
the servant later agrees to stay with his owner, "then shall his master bring
him unto the judges . . . , and his master shall bore his ear through with an
awl ; and he shall serve him forever." These statements permit slavery, which
certainly shows that all men are not equal from the moral or religious point
of view.
Further, several studies making comparisons between whites and Negroes
have shown that Negroes have a smaller mental capacity than whites. Frank
C. McGurk, an associate professor of psychology at Villanova University,
conducted several of these studies ; and he concluded that even when the
social and economic position of the Negro improves, the colored person does
not bring his educational capacity nearer to the white man's capacity. McGurk
tested a group of white and Negro draftees during World War I, and he
discovered that only 27% of the Negroes either equalled or surpassed the
average white scores. Before the test the recruits were matched for similar
cultural traits s