extended abstracts - Geomorphic Processes and Geoarchaeology
extended abstracts - Geomorphic Processes and Geoarchaeology
extended abstracts - Geomorphic Processes and Geoarchaeology
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<strong>Geomorphic</strong> processes <strong>and</strong> geoarchaeology<br />
sokhraneniya istoricheskogo i kul’turnogo naslediya. Moscow, RNIIKiPN imeni<br />
D.S. Likhachyova, P. 371-373 (in Russian).<br />
3. Uskov, V.A., Strikalov, I.Yu., Vodorezov, A.V., Milovanov, S.I., Chernetsov,<br />
A.V., Shishov, S.I. 2012. K metodike izucheniya kul’turnogo sloya na opolznyakh: analiz<br />
arheologicheskikh i geologo-geomorfologicheskikh materialov goroditscha Staraya<br />
Ryazan. Rossijskij nauchnyj zhurnal (Russian Scientific Journal), No. 2(27), P. 87-99 (in<br />
Russian).<br />
MAN’S STRUGGLE AGAINST WATER: HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE<br />
RECONSTRUCTION OF SCHOKLAND (FLEVOLAND, THE NETHERLANDS);<br />
A COMBINED ARCHAEOLOGICAL,<br />
GEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHICAL APPROACH<br />
Van den Biggelaar D.F.A.M. 1 , Kluiving S.J. 2 , Van Balen R.T. 3 , Kasse C. 4<br />
1 VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Earth <strong>and</strong> Life Sciences (Institute for Geo- <strong>and</strong><br />
Bioarchaeology), De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherl<strong>and</strong>s,<br />
don.v<strong>and</strong>en.biggelaar@vu.nl<br />
2 VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Earth <strong>and</strong> Life Sciences (Institute for Geo- <strong>and</strong><br />
Bioarchaeology), De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherl<strong>and</strong>s,<br />
s.j.kluiving@vu.nl<br />
3 VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Earth <strong>and</strong> Life Sciences (Climate Change <strong>and</strong><br />
L<strong>and</strong>scape Dynamics), De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherl<strong>and</strong>s,<br />
r.t.van.balen@vu.nl<br />
4 VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Earth <strong>and</strong> Life Sciences (Climate Change <strong>and</strong><br />
L<strong>and</strong>scape Dynamics), De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherl<strong>and</strong>s,<br />
c.kasse@vu.nl<br />
Flevol<strong>and</strong> (central Netherl<strong>and</strong>s, fig. 1) is an area of long-term discontinuous<br />
deposition, which has been reclaimed from the Zuiderzee in the 20 th century. Before the<br />
reclamation, the Zuiderzee was in a phase of enlargement, threatening civilians on the<br />
isl<strong>and</strong>s <strong>and</strong> the shores.During this time-period, a surficial clay cover was deposited at the<br />
isl<strong>and</strong> Schokl<strong>and</strong> (World Heritage Site; Noordoostpolder, northern part of Flevol<strong>and</strong>,<br />
fig. 1). We have studied the clay sequence in order to determine the most recent<br />
geological history of Flevol<strong>and</strong> (last 1200 years).Knowledge on the recent geological<br />
history of the former isl<strong>and</strong> is essential to underst<strong>and</strong> the processes that underlie human<br />
occupation, l<strong>and</strong> use changes<strong>and</strong> flooding history.<br />
To gather data on the most recent geological history of the former isl<strong>and</strong>,<br />
lithostratigraphic mapping was carried out at six evenly distributed profiles oriented eastwest<br />
across Schokl<strong>and</strong>. A total of 39corings (depth varied from 1.20 to 6.75 meter) were<br />
performed at the study area (fig. 2). Samples were taken from the clay for<br />
thermogravimetric (TGA), grain size, pollen, foraminifera <strong>and</strong> magnetic susceptibility<br />
analyses. On the basis of the results of these lab analyses, <strong>and</strong> added with field coring<br />
descriptions <strong>and</strong> literature, a l<strong>and</strong>scape reconstruction of Schokl<strong>and</strong> was made for the<br />
period of Medieval to Recent occupation (last 1200 years). This reconstruction provides<br />
the environmental context to explain man’s struggle against the sea as inferred from the<br />
presence of dykes <strong>and</strong> location of dwelling mounds. Moreover, this research shows that<br />
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