extended abstracts - Geomorphic Processes and Geoarchaeology

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Geomorphic processes and geoarchaeology Now in Crimea habituated 15 species of rodents, 6 insectivores and one lagomorphes [4]. Some of rodents (Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus, Ondatra) appeared in Crimea only in the Holocene. Red squirrel Sciurus vulgaris was acclimatized in the Crimea in 1940 yrs (table 1). The number of small mammals, which remains were found in Kabazi II layers, includes 13 rodents, 1 lagomorphes and one insectivore. The large list of rodents found in Kabazi II permit to be sure that it includes most of the Rodentia inhabited this region during Mikulino Interglacial and the first part of Valdai Glaciation. Figure 1. Ecological groups of small mammals in Kabazi II site The diversity of small mammals from Kabazi II is comparable with the modern one, but the species composition is changed strongly (table 1). Some of identified species now are disappeared from this region: Yellow steppe lemming decreased its range drastically and now inhabits only some regions of Mongolia and China, and Zaisan Depression. Narrow-skulled vole, which was very common during the Pleistocene on the Russian Plain and in the Crimea, now inhabits Kazakhstan steppes and also tundra zone. Bobac marmot also disappeared from the Crimea and now distributes the easternmost steppe territories. These animals survived in the Crimea and also on the Russian Plain during Valdai Glaciation, because the decreasing of the temperature during glaciation was not restricted conditions for them. The different types of open landscapes, with grass cover, were the main condition for their survival. Modern Russian mole rat range doesn’t include the Crimea. So we could conclude that Russian mole rat (which prefers the regions with the rich soils and rich grass cover) was common during the Mikulino Interglacial and disappeared from the Crimea during the first part of Valdai glaciation, which was characterized by more arid conditions. According the dates of U-series and ESR, LU methods Units VI, V, and IV of Kabazi II formatted before the first large-scale Late Pleistocene glaciation of the Eurasian Arctic [3]. This first stage of Valdai = Weichselian glaciation was dated at 90,000 years ago (OIS-5b). 179
Geomorphic processes and geoarchaeology Table 1. Kabazi II small mammals and modern Crimean small mammal species composition. Small Kabazi II, Units mammals, Taxa VI V IV III habituated in the Crimea recently Insectivora: Erinaceus europeaus L. – European hedgehog + Crocidura leucodon Herm. – white-toothed shrew + + + Crocidura suaveolens Pall – lesser white-toothed shrew Sorex minutus L. – pigmy shrew + Sorex araneus L. – Eurasian common shrew + Neomys fodiens Pennant – Eurasian water shrew + Lagomorpha: Lepus europeus Pallas – European hare + + + Rodentia: Sciurus vulgaris L. – red squirrel + Marmota bobac – bobac marmot + Spermophilus pygmaeus Pallas – little suslik + + + Allactaga major Kerr – Great jerboa + Spalax microphtalmus Güldenstaedt – Russian mole rat + + Ellobius talpinus – northern mole-vole Pallas + + + + + Dryomys nitedula Pallas – tree dormice + Sicista subtilis + Apodemus (Sylvimus) flavicollis Melch. – yellow- necked mouse + + + Rattus norvegicus Berc. – common rat + Rattus rattus L. – roof rat + Mus musculus L. – house mouse + Cricetus cricetus L. – common hamster + Cricetulus (Cricetulus) migratorius Pallas – grey hamster Eolagurus luteus Eversmann – yellow steppe lemming + + + + + + + Lagurus lagurus Pallas – steppe lemming + + + Arvicola terrestris L. – water vole + + + + + Microtus (Stenocranius) gregalis Pallas – narrow- skull vole Microtus (Sumerionys) socialis Pallas – social vole + Microtus (Microtus) obscurus Eversmann (= M. arvalis obscurus) – obscures» vole + + + + + + + 180
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Ghahroudi Tali M. 13, 102 Giligny F
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Volokitin A.V. 281 Voronin K.V. 76
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