extended abstracts - Geomorphic Processes and Geoarchaeology

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Geomorphic processes and geoarchaeology both for the general public and for tourism, is partly the ignorance among the public, the tourism industry and the authorities about their Viking history. This ignorance is directly connected to the rudimentary maintenance of sites and monuments in the landscape and it is probably rather difficult to spend money on maintaining of a site to which people have little connection, be it the public or the authorities. But, there is also a limited knowledge from the outside of the fascinating history of Scandinavian–Russian contact in the Viking Age, and the huge number of places as well as material found in this connection. To achieve the goal to develop the Viking Route as an important part of historical tourism in Russia, there is obviously a rather long way to go, at least if one wants to make it into a broad theme, connecting many places in northern Russia. Some places are well on their way, like Novgorod / Gorodische and Izborsk, but for other places, there is much work to be done. The logical first step is to create an information and educational package about the history, in as many ways as possible, and it is a golden opportunity in 2012, being a celebration year about the year 862, the year of Rurik and his brothers. Below, there are suggestions for the short and long term to turn the Viking Age history into an important part of northwest Russian tourism industry, with a connection to Viking History tourism in Western Europe. Is this all possible or not – it is still a question. In the existing system of three-level budget with very few money in local municipalities the organizing of such a network looks very problematic. The other problem is less interest of local stockholders to immediate Viking heritage: the more interesting for them is «History of Old Rus» while even it is the same the name «Viking» could play very negative role while promoting the heritage in provincial Russia. Sometimes one could hear very serious dialogues among the stockholders (not historians of course) about the probable nationality of Rurik etc. In any case the only way to promote something, to elaborate the heritage of «Plotting Rus» or «Viking Heritage» – is private initiative. During our expedition only in Beloozero- Kirillov region we had met with the existing and working model of such private initiative. The traditional state maintenance, with very strong Soviet heritage, practically everywhere lose the initiative while following different instructions and report indicators (such as number of excursions per year etc.). GEOTOPS OF IRAN PLAYAS: A GEOARCHAEOLOGY EVIDENCE Sepehr A. 1 , Nowjavan M.R 2 1 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Iran, adelsepehr@aol.com 2 Islamic Azad University-Maybod Branch, Iran Playas are important geomorphic features of the world's arid regions and are considered to be very sensitive to hydrologic and climatic changes. Those classified as a geomorphologic unit of desert areas. Playas vary in size from very small depressions of a few tens of m 2 to massive tectonic basins, which may extend up to 10, 000 km 2 . Given the range of origins and scales, these playas display wide range of variability in morphology, hydrology and sedimentology. During the last few decades, playas have received enormous attention due to their significance as indicators of climate change and palaeo-hydrological reconstruction. While the landscape and drainage in playa 249
Geomorphic processes and geoarchaeology catchments provide a qualitative assessment of climatic and hydrological regime in the past, playa sediments preserve a wealth of palaeo-environmental information. The geomorphologic types of playa such as Kavir, salt lake and morphologic facies, have been caused the playa as a unique entity for geoarchaeology studies. Iran having more than 60 % desert environments has vast expanse areas of playa units. Central Iran with a wide section of the Lut desert can be a good sample of playa landforms which are an evidence for geoarchaeology and also with high potential for geo-tourism activities. The Yazd region, located center of Iran, constitutes one of the most significant environmental and cultural reserves on Iran, strewn with unique and significant natural geological monuments that are called Geotopes. The Geotopes are the meeting places of elements recording the geological history of each region. Those are the irrefutable witnesses of an everlasting evolution of life on earth, such as volcanoes, caves, gorges, fossilized areas, large geological rifts, ancient mines, geological formation or landscapes chiseled by natural forces throughout the geological ages. Such sites have a special scientific and aesthetic value and could become areas with significant tourist interest. Recent efforts to record, upgrade and exploit a number of geological sites in yazd have produced significant results; the erratic rocks on the Fakhr-Abad, the cirques of Tezergan on Tezergan, the glacial gorge in Deh-Bala, the underground natural dam on Mehriz and sand dam in ashkezar and the granite rocks and the marble mine, the gorge in Taftb, the Kavir and glassi desert in Abar Kooh and Darangier to mention are cased Yazd to be as a natural history museum. Desert of Yazd with extended area of Playa unit as a typical geomorphologic unit involve specific Geotops which reminiscent quaternary climate change and glacier conditions of desert at Pleistocene age. The Playa of desert, there are a number of witnesses in this area that shows this place have had a wetter climatic period in past. This article with new approach to the geomorphologic landforms has been introduced the Geotops and considered those as an evidence for geologic history and geomorphology evolutions and also as a geo-tourism features. References 1. Krinsley, D.B. 1970. A geomorphological and paleoclimatological study of the playas of Iran. Ph.D thesis, University of Maryland, 340 p. 2. Thomas, S.G. 1997. Reconstructing ancient arid environments. In: S.C. Thomas (Ed.), Arid Zone Geomorphology. John Wiley and Sons, England, 577 p. 3. Zouros, N. 2004. The European Geoparks Network. Geological heritage protection and local development. Episodes, Vol. 27, No. 3, P. 165-171. ISLANDS KROSSØYA AND RUSSØYA GEOLOGICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL MONUMENTS OF SPITSBERGEN Sharin V.V. 1 , Derzhavin V.L. 2 1 PMGE "Polar Marine Geological Research Expedition", Russia, St.-Petersburg, Lomonosov, Russia, sharin_v@mail.ru 2 Institute of archeology, RAS, Moscow, Russia, derzh@yandex.ru Interest to Murchison-fiord is caused by variety of the reasons. One of the main things of them is that that in a gulf the most northern monuments of Russian pomors settled down. Already this fact carries them to the category of the unique. The same 250
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