extended abstracts - Geomorphic Processes and Geoarchaeology

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Geomorphic processes and geoarchaeology sokhraneniya istoricheskogo i kul’turnogo naslediya. Moscow, RNIIKiPN imeni D.S. Likhachyova, P. 371-373 (in Russian). 3. Uskov, V.A., Strikalov, I.Yu., Vodorezov, A.V., Milovanov, S.I., Chernetsov, A.V., Shishov, S.I. 2012. K metodike izucheniya kul’turnogo sloya na opolznyakh: analiz arheologicheskikh i geologo-geomorfologicheskikh materialov goroditscha Staraya Ryazan. Rossijskij nauchnyj zhurnal (Russian Scientific Journal), No. 2(27), P. 87-99 (in Russian). MAN’S STRUGGLE AGAINST WATER: HISTORICAL LANDSCAPE RECONSTRUCTION OF SCHOKLAND (FLEVOLAND, THE NETHERLANDS); A COMBINED ARCHAEOLOGICAL, GEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHICAL APPROACH Van den Biggelaar D.F.A.M. 1 , Kluiving S.J. 2 , Van Balen R.T. 3 , Kasse C. 4 1 VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences (Institute for Geo- and Bioarchaeology), De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, don.vanden.biggelaar@vu.nl 2 VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences (Institute for Geo- and Bioarchaeology), De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, s.j.kluiving@vu.nl 3 VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences (Climate Change and Landscape Dynamics), De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, r.t.van.balen@vu.nl 4 VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences (Climate Change and Landscape Dynamics), De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, c.kasse@vu.nl Flevoland (central Netherlands, fig. 1) is an area of long-term discontinuous deposition, which has been reclaimed from the Zuiderzee in the 20 th century. Before the reclamation, the Zuiderzee was in a phase of enlargement, threatening civilians on the islands and the shores.During this time-period, a surficial clay cover was deposited at the island Schokland (World Heritage Site; Noordoostpolder, northern part of Flevoland, fig. 1). We have studied the clay sequence in order to determine the most recent geological history of Flevoland (last 1200 years).Knowledge on the recent geological history of the former island is essential to understand the processes that underlie human occupation, land use changesand flooding history. To gather data on the most recent geological history of the former island, lithostratigraphic mapping was carried out at six evenly distributed profiles oriented eastwest across Schokland. A total of 39corings (depth varied from 1.20 to 6.75 meter) were performed at the study area (fig. 2). Samples were taken from the clay for thermogravimetric (TGA), grain size, pollen, foraminifera and magnetic susceptibility analyses. On the basis of the results of these lab analyses, and added with field coring descriptions and literature, a landscape reconstruction of Schokland was made for the period of Medieval to Recent occupation (last 1200 years). This reconstruction provides the environmental context to explain man’s struggle against the sea as inferred from the presence of dykes and location of dwelling mounds. Moreover, this research shows that 275
Geomorphic processes and geoarchaeology storm events play a major role in the sedimentation pattern. A comparison between geological data and documented storms can be made. Figure 1. Location of Flevoland and Schokland within Netherlands Figure 2. Location of the corings at Schokland The results presented in this paper form part of the ongoing multidisciplinary ‘Biography of the New Land’ research program. GEO-ARCHAEOLOGY AND MEDICINE Visco G., Curca M. Italian Geo-Archaeological Society, Italy, giuseppe.visco@fastwebnet.it Modern methods of medical research applied to pre-historical and proto-historical studies provide new perspectives to geo-archaeological knowledge. Conversely, palaeontology becomes an important source of information for medicine historians. This paper highlights most recent results showing cross fertilizations between the two sciences. In the field of Physiologic Anatomy Homo Neanderthalensis, despite the reduced length of his distal limb segments (a characteristic of bovids), gained a strategic advantage in hunting on sloped and rugged terrains, thanks to his lower crural indices [13, 19]. Recent discoveries on particular features of extant mammal sensory systems, such as evolutionary modifications to the light-regulated circadian system, photoreceptor 276
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