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Stalin School of Falsification the columns of a public organ and, moreover, a violently anti- Bolshevik paper. [BACK TO TEXT] 44. Cadets, a combined term made up of the initials of the Con stitutional-Democrats, or the Party of People's Freedom, the party of the Russian democratic bourgeoisie and "liberal" landowners who, under the Czar, stood for a constitutional monarchy, and later even for a republic. Led by Professor Paul Miliukov, now the leader of a section of the counter-revolutionary emigres. [BACK TO TEXT] 45. Smolny Institute, formerly a school for young ladies of the nobility, was taken over by the revolutionists and made the head quarters of the Petrograd Soviet and the Revolutionary Military Committee which directed the Bolshevik uprising. [BACK TO TEXT] 46. The Junkers was the name given to the students at the officers' school. They were used in an attempt to crush the Bolshevik insurrection. [BACK TO TEXT] 47. In the manifesto on "The Civil War in France," issued on May 30, 1871, in the name of the General Council of the International Workiugmen's Association (First International), Marx wrote: "But the working class cannot simply lay hold of the readymade State machinery and wield it for its own purposes." (The Paris Commune, New York, 1920, p. 70.) On April 12, 1871, Marx wrote to Isis friend Kugelmann: "If you look at the last chapter of my Eighteenth Brumaire, you will see that I declare the next attempt of the French Revolution to be: not merely to hand over, from one set of hands to another, the bureaucratic-military machine-as has occurred hitherto, but to shatter it; and it is this that is the preliminary condition of any real people's revolution on the Continent. That is just what our heroic Parisian comrades are attempting to do." (Briefe an Kugelmann, Berlin, 1924, p. 86.) [BACK TO TEXT] Return to Index Page — Next Chapter The Leon Trotsky Archive The Marxist writers' Archives http://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/works/1937-st2/sf08.htm (13 of 13) [06/06/2002 15:06:45]
Stalin School of Falsification -- Chapter 9 Leon Trotsky's The Stalin School of Falsification Transcribed for the Trotsky Internet Archive, now a sub-archive of the Marxist writers' Internet Archive by David Walters in 1997 Two Speeches at the Session of the Central Control Commission THE PLAN to remove Trotsky from the leadership was conceived back in the period of Lenin's first illness, namely in 1922. Throughout the following year, 1923, the preparatory work proceeded in full swing. Toward the end of the year the campaign was brought into the open. This work was under the guidance of the "triumvirate": Stalin, Zinoviev and Kamenev. In 1925, the triumvirate fell apart. Zinoviev and Kamenev found themselves caught in the wheels of the ma chine they had created against Trotsky. Henceforth the Stalinist faction set itself the task of completely transforming the leading staff by removing from posts all those who had directed the party and the Government under Lenin. At the joint plenary session of the Central Committee and the Central Control Commission,[48] in July 1926, Trotsky read a declaration which quite accurately foretold the future measures the Stalin faction would apply in order to substitute the Stalinist leadership for the Leninist. In the course of the next few years that program was carried through by the Stalinists in amazing conformity with the predictions made. The most important step on that path was to place Trotsky on trial before the Presidium of the Central Control Commission on charges of these two crimes: (1) making "factional" speeches at the Plenum of the E.C.C.I.; (2) participating in a farewell demonstration to Smilga, a member of the Central Committee, who, a short time previously, had been sent to the city of Khabarovsk in the Far East as punishment for being in the Opposition. Zinoviev was likewise charged with similar crimes. The proposed penalty was to remove both of them from the Central Committee. We print below the two speeches by Trotsky at the Presidium of the Central Control Commission which sat as the court of trial. The author has considerably condensed his two speeches wherever questions of minor importance were concerned. In other respects the speeches are reprinted as they were delivered except for minor corrections in style. THE FIRST SPEECH TROTSKY: Before proceeding with my speech-and I am in doubt whether I speak here as the defendant or the accuser -- I must insist on the removal of comrade Janson from the judges' bench on the ground that he is disqualified by his entire previous activity. All of you are, of course, well aware of the fact that since 1924 there has existed a factional "septemvirate" composed of all the members of the Political Bureau, with the exception of myself. My own place was taken by your former chairman, Kuibyshev, who, as was his duty, should have been the foremost guardian of party statutes and morals but who was in fact their foremost violator and corruptor. This septemvirate constituted an illegal and anti-party institution which disposed of the fate of the party behind its back. Comrade Zinoviev in one of his http://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/works/1937-st2/sf09.htm (1 of 21) [06/06/2002 15:07:02]
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