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Using Vergil these ports are shown in the diagram. The Expression actor is a very flexible actor in the Ptolemy II actor library. It can have any number of input ports, with arbitrary names, and uses a rich and expressive expression language to specify the value of the output as a function of the inputs (and parameters of the containing model, if desired). Three of the actors in figure 2.1 are composite actors, which means that their implementation is itself given as a block diagram. Composite actors are indicated visually by the red outline. You can look inside to reveal the implementation, as shown in figure 2.5, which shows the implementation of the Signal Source in figure 2.1. It is evident from the block diagram how a sinusoidal signal is generated. 2.2.3 Executing a Pre-Built Model: A Continuous-Time Example A key principle of the Ptolemy II system is that the model of computation that defines the meaning of a block diagram is not built-in, but is rather specified by the director component that is included in the model. The box labeled “SDF Director” in figures 2.1 and 2.5 specifies that these block diagrams have synchronous dataflow semantics, which is explained further below. The second example in the quick tour of figure 2.3, by contrast, has continuous-time semantics (the one labeled “Continuous- Time Modeling”). The example is the well-known Lorenz attractor, a non-linear feedback system that exhibits chaotic behavior. FIGURE 2.4. The run window for the model shown in figure 2.1. 48 Ptolemy II
Using Vergil The Lorenz attractor model, shown in figure 2.6, is a block diagram representation of a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The blocks with integration signs in their icons are integrators. At any given time t, their output is given by x() t xt ( 0) x , (1) · = + ( τ) dτ where xt ( 0) is the initial state of the integrator, t0 is the start time of the model, and x is the input signal. Note that since the output is the integral of the input, then at any given time, the input is the derivative of the output, · FIGURE 2.5. Look inside composite actors to reveal their implementation. Heterogeneous Concurrent Modeling and Design 49 t ∫ t 0
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PTOLEMY II HETEROGENEOUS CONCURRENT
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VOLUME 1 INTRODUCTION TO PTOLEMY II
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Volume 1 Contents Introduction to P
Page 7 and 8: 2.10.3. Constructing Modal Models 8
Page 9 and 10: 7. MoML 191 7.1. Introduction 191 7
Page 11 and 12: 1 Introduction Author: Edward A. Le
Page 13 and 14: Introduction heterochronous dataflo
Page 15 and 16: Introduction A major emphasis in Pt
Page 17 and 18: Introduction determine when actors
Page 19 and 20: Introduction provides levels of vis
Page 21 and 22: Introduction is a guard, and the se
Page 23 and 24: Introduction well. All of these are
Page 25 and 26: Introduction clients to update thei
Page 27 and 28: Introduction will be supplied with
Page 29 and 30: Introduction 1.3.12 Synchronous Dat
Page 31 and 32: Introduction FIGURE 1.10. Refinemen
Page 33 and 34: Introduction occlusions due to terr
Page 35 and 36: Introduction tion. The overall arch
Page 37 and 38: Introduction kernel.attributes This
Page 39 and 40: Introduction 1.5.2 Overview of Key
Page 41 and 42: Introduction Actor interfaces are k
Page 43 and 44: Heterogeneous Concurrent Modeling a
Page 45 and 46: Introduction actor actor.gui data.e
Page 47 and 48: Introduction cient, scalable, and u
Page 49 and 50: Introduction 1.5.8 Future Capabilit
Page 51 and 52: Introduction Appendix A: UML — Un
Page 53 and 54: Introduction grams, the only constr
Page 55 and 56: 2 Using Vergil Authors: Edward A. L
Page 57: Using Vergil 2.2.2 Executing a Pre-
Page 61 and 62: Using Vergil The Continuous-Time (C
Page 63 and 64: Using Vergil box in figure 2.11. En
Page 65 and 66: Using Vergil Don’t panic! Excepti
Page 67 and 68: Using Vergil tions are a normal par
Page 69 and 70: Using Vergil 2.4 Hierarchy Ptolemy
Page 71 and 72: Using Vergil Then using these ports
Page 73 and 74: Using Vergil the default 0.1 to 0.0
Page 75 and 76: Using Vergil pan window, it is easy
Page 77 and 78: Using Vergil FIGURE 2.33. The pan w
Page 79 and 80: Using Vergil we have modified the c
Page 81 and 82: Using Vergil model, simply copy (or
Page 83 and 84: Using Vergil A key issue is to deci
Page 85 and 86: Using Vergil instances. This proble
Page 87 and 88: Using Vergil quick tour for more de
Page 89 and 90: Using Vergil uses the index in the
Page 91 and 92: Using Vergil AddSubtract actor, and
Page 93 and 94: Using Vergil If you look inside the
Page 95 and 96: Using Vergil If you look inside the
Page 97 and 98: Using Vergil transition (or right c
Page 99 and 100: Using Vergil Once you have created
Page 101 and 102: Using Vergil The grid is turned off
Page 103 and 104: Authors: Edward A. Lee Xiaojun Liu
Page 105 and 106: Expressions classes to create a gen
Page 107 and 108: Expressions The % operation is a mo
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Expressions attribute, which includ
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Expressions 3.3.5 State Machines Ex
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Expressions whose value is an array
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Expressions from it. For instance,
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Expressions defined. For example, >
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Expressions length is given by the
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Expressions Thus, for example, you
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Expressions number. With one additi
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Expressions value. For example, fix
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Expressions In the example in figur
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Expressions A.2 Basic Mathematical
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Expressions A.3 Matrix, Array, and
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Expressions A.5 Signal Processing F
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Expressions TABLE 8: Functions perf
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4 Actor Libraries Authors: Elaine C
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Actor Libraries properly in the CT
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Actor Libraries ing that multiple c
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Actor Libraries TypedAtomicActor «
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Actor Libraries SequenceScope (exte
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Actor Libraries UnsignedByteArrayTo
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Actor Libraries MobileFunction (ext
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Actor Libraries LogicFunction (exte
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Actor Libraries Sleep (extends Tran
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Actor Libraries VariableFIR (extend
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Actor Libraries Integrator: Integra
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Actor Libraries Figure 4.4 shows th
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5 Designing Actors Authors: Christo
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Designing Actors /** Javadoc commen
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Designing Actors although with most
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Designing Actors import ptolemy.act
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Designing Actors makes such actors
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Designing Actors same parameter val
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Designing Actors morphic actor comp
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Designing Actors To get data polymo
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Designing Actors public class Seque
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Designing Actors be used in domains
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Designing Actors alComm actor. Beca
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Designing Actors attribute has valu
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Designing Actors import ptolemy.act
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6 Coding Style Authors: Christopher
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Coding Style /* One line descriptio
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Coding Style Copyright (c) 2004 The
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Coding Style @version $Id: NamedObj
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Coding Style } We use instead the i
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Coding Style * @exception MyExcepti
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Coding Style + "it does not impleme
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Authors: Edward A. Lee Steve Neuend
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MoML cutes it forever, until you hi
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MoML A second difference between ou
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MoML
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MoML 7.3.3 Names and Classes Most M
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MoML Here, the element named
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MoML implement. 7.3.7 Doc Element S
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MoML It is also sometimes necess
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MoML then there will be a link t
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MoML found. For example, if the cla
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MoML it cannot collide with the nam
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MoML The rendering of the icon is d
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MoML 7.4.5 Deleting Entities, Relat
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MoML This unlinks a port from the s
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MoML model. The EntityLibrary class
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MoML Suppose that using incremental
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MoML Generate a sine wave.
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MoML
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MoML Number of iterations in
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MoML -P- The f
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MoML -P- The phase,
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8 Custom Applets Authors: Edward A.
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Custom Applets html code, see the J
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Custom Applets public class Tutoria
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Custom Applets then the result of
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Custom Applets 8.3.5 Using Model Pa
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Custom Applets ptolemy/domains/doma
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References [1] G. Agha, Actors: A M
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[33] S. A. Edwards, “The Specific
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[67] E. Kohler, The Click Modular R
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[95] J. Liu, X. Liu, T. J. Koo, B.
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[132]W. R. Sutherland, "The on-Line
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Glossary abstract syntax ..........
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Ptolemy II ........................
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Index Symbols - in UML 41 # in UML
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coin flips 142 Color class 173 colo
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entity in XML 198 EntityLibrary cla
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Director class 159 inverse FFT 124
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CompositeEntity class 206 nextPower
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safety 34 SampleDelay actor 78, 138
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type constraint 155 type constraint
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