The Economic Value of Water and Ecosystem Preservation

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main fisheries are shrimp and oysters it could be argued that these counties would continue to have an advantage, particularly in oysters, where global competition is not as relevant as it is in shrimping. Of greater interest is that the total economic impact of employment loss in the fisheries sector was not nearly as great in the other employment sectors analyzed. In the case of Aransas, the growth in mining and construction was able to offset the decline in fisheries and manufacturing, and create a net 376 jobs and income of $17.6 million. For Calhoun, the study period coincided with a scaling back of expansion at the petro-chemical firms and this is reflected in the declining employment numbers. Yet, it still illustrates the greater impact that each of the three industries has on the economy than fishing. It is felt that shrimping will continue to feel pressure from imports as well as from input prices, such as fuel. Oystering may still have a competitive advantage given the demand for fresh product. This fishery will face pressure in the form of higher input prices as well as habitat loss. One could conclude that even if there is a loss of jobs in the fishery sector that it could be made up in other sectors, assuming they grow, and that the impact would actually be greater. However, there might be value beyond the economic output of the fishing sector. Texas and the Coastal Bend have a rich commercial fishing history. There are many who value its presence beyond the product that it can provide. These values that are not as tangible can add to the impact that the industry has. For example, there are tourists who come on vacation and enjoy the experience of going to the docks to buy shrimp, fish, or oysters directly off the boat. If this experience is taken away, an important question is whether the tourist would continue to holiday in this region. viii
1. Overview of San Antonio Bay Region 1.1. Geographic Setting for the San Antonio Bay Region The San Antonio Bay Region, formed where the Guadalupe River meets the Guadalupe Estuary, teems with life. The San Antonio Bay and its related intracoastal system cover an area of approximately 100 square miles and include Mission Lake, Guadalupe Bay, Hynes Bay, Espiritu Santo Bay and Mesquite Bay (Figure 1-1). Matagorda Island serves as a barrier separating the San Antonio Bay from the Gulf of Mexico. The bay averages less than six feet in depth (East, 2001). Espiritu Santo Bay and Matagorda Bay are located just to the north of San Antonio Bay while Mesquite Bay and Aransas Bay are located to the south. Figure 1-1. San Antonio Bay and surrounding area. The main connection to the Gulf of Mexico for San Antonio Bay is through Pass Cavallo at the southern end of Matagorda Bay. San Antonio Bay is hydraulically connected by the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (GIWW), a dredged channel that runs along the entire Gulf Coast. The GIWW is a maintained navigation channel that is more than 300 feet wide and about 15 feet deep. 1
Page 1 and 2: Final Report to the Texas Coastal M
Page 3 and 4: 5.2.2. Sources / Data .............
Page 5 and 6: Executive Summary The San Antonio B
Page 7: ecotourism included in the model. T
Page 11 and 12: and shellfish species and estuarine
Page 13 and 14: According to the Rockport-Fulton Ch
Page 15 and 16: effect is limited by assimilative c
Page 17 and 18: freshwater inflow acts as a mechani
Page 19 and 20: sulfide. Heavy metals bounds to sed
Page 21 and 22: inflow levels and populations of se
Page 23 and 24: and could potentially make the cran
Page 25 and 26: 3. Characterization of Ecotourism i
Page 27 and 28: Contributes actively to the conserv
Page 29 and 30: Figure 3-1. Public Protected Areas
Page 31 and 32: 1987 and then purchased in 1991. Pr
Page 33 and 34: 3.3.2. The Economics of Multiple Na
Page 35 and 36: Table 3-2. Average Willingness to P
Page 37 and 38: Table 3-3. Personal Income and Prod
Page 39 and 40: impact. It is necessary to conduct
Page 41 and 42: 4.2. Key Site Details for the Analy
Page 43 and 44: approach allows examination of ques
Page 45 and 46: This average number of trips from t
Page 47 and 48: occasional flood and drought events
Page 49 and 50: The results of the regression yield
Page 51 and 52: gallons, which results in a value o
Page 53 and 54: Aransas distinguishes itself from C
Page 55 and 56: thresholds vary according the size
Page 57 and 58: The total number of full-time and p
Page 59 and 60:
The County also shows a lower educa
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Refugio shows a rapid decrease in t
Page 63 and 64:
IM t+ n ic = E t ic ⎡⎛ E × ⎢
Page 65 and 66:
included an economic analysis of th
Page 67 and 68:
Table 5-5. Employment Shift-Share A
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Fishing and related activities. The
Page 71 and 72:
Figure 5-15. Employment change by s
Page 73 and 74:
5.3.2. Input-Output Analysis The in
Page 75 and 76:
Calhoun Calhoun County’s experien
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an advantage, particularly in oyste
Page 79 and 80:
Impacts on the Freshwater Inflows t
Page 81 and 82:
However, due to the lack of consist
Page 83 and 84:
This implicitly assumes that flows
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for fresh product. This fishery wil
Page 87 and 88:
Elliot, D. (2007). Competitive Adva
Page 89 and 90:
Pearce, D. W. (1994). The MIT Dicti
Page 91 and 92:
The Nature Conservancy. (2002). "Na
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