an innovative approach

intervention. In the developmental process, the National Education Act, the National
Science Curriculum and the relevant literature were analyzed to establish the guiding
principles of the intervention. Then, the photosynthesis lessons were developed.
In evaluation process the following instruments were established in relation to
the principles. First, the pre-and post- surveys were established and used to
investigate the students’ understanding about photosynthesis. The pre-survey, called
IPS, was administered in three suburban schools in Bangkok, two months before
implementation of the intervention while the post-survey, called APS, was
administered one week after the implementation was finished. Second, the interviews
were used to probe the students’ ideas about photosynthesis. The pre-interviews were
conducted two weeks after responding to the IPS survey, and the post-interviews were
conducted one week after responding to the APS survey. The interview data was used
to triangulate the survey data to get the students’ understanding of photosynthesis.
Teacher interviews were also conducted for the teachers’ teaching reflection. They
were interviewed at the end of their teaching period after every observation. Third,
observations were used to collect data concerning actual teaching and learning
practices in the three classrooms.
The data collected in these instruments were analyzed as a case study of each
classroom i.e. three case studies. The students’ understanding was categorized into
five groups including SU, PU, PU+MU, MU and NO, and calculated the frequency
showing the percentage in each photosynthesis concept. Then the development of
their understanding of photosynthesis was described. The teaching reflection was
analyzed thematically to give key elements of the successes and problems of the
implementation of the intervention. In addition, these three cases were cross analyzed
to describe the pattern of the development, that of the implementation, the success and
the problems of the teaching intervention.
This study next reveals the findings based on the data collection and analysis
in the Chapter IV the Photosynthesis Teaching Intervention and the Chapter V
Implementation and Impacts of Photosynthesis Teaching Intervention.
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