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percentages misunderstood that the dark phase was plants’ respiration releasing CO2.
Also, twenty three percentages had no idea about the dark phase.
A majority, fifty percentages, held partial understanding about
light dependent (light) phase. They understood that light supplied energy to activate
electron, but they forgot to describe photolysis of water. Nobody had full
understanding. A minority, thirty three percentages used the misconception about
light energy to describe the light phase. They thought that sunlight supplied its heat to
separate water and electron.
Nobody developed sound understanding (SU) about structures
and functions of chloroplast. Forty nine percentages, a majority, held partial
understanding that chloroplast had only chlorophyll. A minority, thirty five
percentages had partial understanding with misconception that chloroplast could
directly absorb light without chlorophyll.
In terms of the relationships between the necessary factors
affecting photosynthesis rate, only five percentages had full understanding. They
understood that numbers of chloroplast and type of plant leaf tissues affected to
photosynthesis rate. However, forty one percentages, a majority, had no advanced
ideas about the relationships. They broadly described that different type of plants
differently fixed CO2. A minority, thirty percentages had just partial understanding
that CO2 fixation of C3 plants was different from C4 plants, but they could not
describe what the difference was.
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The survey, observations and individual interviews with students,
S09, S10, S11 and S12, did not indicate that the students developed the
understanding. They appeared to hold some misconception, after teaching.
S09 who disliked teaching by rote learning could not develop
scientific understanding about photosynthesis. The misconceptions about structures
and functions of chloroplast, light phase, dark phase and necessary factor affecting