38 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NO. 304 transversely striate-rugose (fig. 22). Occiput mostly glabrous except foveate laterally. Lateral pronotal carina distinct, except dorsomedially (fig. 25). Lateral surface <strong>of</strong> pronotum foveate-reticulate. Dorsal area <strong>of</strong> pronotum behind pronotal crest glabrous and complete to end <strong>of</strong> dorsal posterior margin <strong>of</strong> pronotum. Mesoscutum foveatereticulate with foveae more or less set in rows between transverse costae. Mesoscutellum foveate-reticulate, sloping posteriorly and, viewed from above, rounded posteriorly (fig. 26). Mesopleural triangle distinctly depressed and pubescent. Upper mesopleuron anteriorly punctate-rugose, posteriorly glabrous; speculum with several setigerous punctures. Longitudinal mesopleural impression percurrent with unevenly distributed transverse costae. Lower mesopleuron glabrous with setigerous punctures along lower margin. Metanotal-propodeal complex foveate-rugose with dense pubescence (fig. 25). Lateral propodeal carina percurrent, medially somewhat curved lareally. Median propodeal area with one or two irregular longitudinal carinae (fig. 26). Abdominal petiole slightly shorter than wide, longitudinally carinate. Relative length <strong>of</strong> T3–8: 2:1:1:3.2:1.3:0.9. T4–8 densely finely punctate. T6–8 also sparsely, coarsely punctate with hairs (fig. 27). All legs densely punctate with pubescence. Metatibia apically with four slender, pointed teeth (figs. 28, 29). 1mt/2–5mt 5 0.6. MALE: Unknown. The species is most similar to species <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> scaber group, but can be easily separated from <strong>the</strong> latter by <strong>the</strong> following characters. Speculum setigerous; median frontal carina branched posteriorly, delimiting a small triangular, glabrous area beneath anterior ocellus; eyes protruding laterally beyond gena; mesoscutum distinctly convex in lateral view; wings smoky. TYPE MATERIAL: 18RR. HOLOTYPE: R, USA: Virginia, Essex Co. (1 mi SE Dunnsville, 37u529N, 76u489W), 1994-VII-2–15, D. R. Smith coll. (USNM). PARATYPES: 17RR. 7RR, 1992-VII-8–31 (2), 1994-VII-2–15 (2), and 1995-VII-12–24 (3), o<strong>the</strong>r data as holotype; 10RR, USA: Virginia, Clarke County, University <strong>of</strong> Virginia Blandy Experimental Farm (2 mi S Boyce, 39u059N, 78u109W), 1995-VII-12–24 (6) and 1994-VI-25–VIII-3 (4) (USNM: 15; ZMLU-MS: 2). ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED: Canada: Ontario (bog in Ancaster) (CNCI: 1R). DISTRIBUTION: USA: Virginia; Canada: Ontario. BIOLOGY: All specimens were collected in Malaise traps. According to Dr. D. Smith (personal commun.), <strong>the</strong> site in Essex Co., Virginia, was about 120 acres <strong>of</strong> woodland and open grassy areas. The woods were dominated by pines, mostly Pinus taeda, Quercus spp., Hicoria spp., Liriodendron tulipifera, and Liquidambar styraciflua. Part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> adjacent property was a tree plantation that had been cut about 15 years earlier and contained considerable underbrush and about 10–15-year-old loblolly pines. Traps were placed at woods edges, along streams, and within woods and <strong>the</strong> tree plantation. The site in Clarke Co. was an experimental station with about 700 acres and consisted <strong>of</strong> woodlands, open fields, and ponds surrounded by willows. This site was much more diverse in vegetation than <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r site. The woodlands (one about a 110-year-old 70-acre woodlot) were dominated by Quercus spp., Hicoria spp., and Ulmus spp., with a few scattered pines. Traps were placed in many disturbed areas, forest edges, within woods, and around ponds and willows. The 17 specimens <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> type series consisted <strong>of</strong> 7 from <strong>the</strong> Essex site collected in 3 years and 10 from <strong>the</strong> Clarke site collected in 2 years. Apparently <strong>the</strong> species is more abundant in <strong>the</strong> Clarke site that also had a more deciduous component in <strong>the</strong> vegetation. None<strong>the</strong>less, no direct host association can be established. ETYMOLOGY: Name after type locality. SCABER GROUP figures 30–37 The group is distributed predominantly in <strong>the</strong> far-eastern Palearctic with one exception from <strong>the</strong> southwestern Yunnan <strong>of</strong> China. DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: Body size relatively small. Antenna filiform. Female antenna has 13 segments with F1 distinctly shorter than F2. Placodes present on all flagellomeres, short, and not as long as <strong>the</strong>
2007 LIU ET AL.: REVISION OF PARAMBLYNOTUS (HYMENOPTERA) 39 Figs. 30–37. P. atratus. 30, Head, front view, R; 31, head, dorsal view, R; 32, antennal F6–7, lateral view, R; 33, antennal F10–11, dorsal view, R; 34, scutellum and propodeum, dorsoposterior view, R; 35, mesosoma, lateral view, R; 36, end <strong>of</strong> metatibia showing apical teeth, R; 37, metasoma, lateral view, R.
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