86 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NO. 304 Figs. 72–83. P. dyak. 72, Head, front view, R; 73, head, dorsal view, R; 74, antennal F10–11, lateral view, R; 75, antennal F6–7, lateral view, R; 76, mesosoma, lateral view, R; 77, anterior part <strong>of</strong> pronotum, R; 78, propodeum, dorsal view, R; 79, metasoma, lateral view, R; 80, metatibia, lateral view, R; 81, end <strong>of</strong> metatibia showing apical teeth, R; 82, apical protuberance <strong>of</strong> basal metatarsomere, R; 83, metatarsus, R.
2007 LIU ET AL.: REVISION OF PARAMBLYNOTUS (HYMENOPTERA) 87 DIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS: Body size medium to relatively large. Antenna filiform, widened toward apex or not. Female antenna usually 13-segmented, occasionally 12-segmented, with F1 distinctly shorter than F2. All flagellomeres have placodes; placodes short, not as long as <strong>the</strong> segment, and usually densely distributed on each medial to distal segments (figs. 67, 74, 75, 86, 87, 95). Male antenna has 14 segments, F1 cylindrical. Median frontal carina absent or present in lower face, sometimes extended beyond <strong>the</strong> middle; dorsally sometimes raised between antennal sockets into a lamellate process, which sometimes has a flattened dorsal surface (fig. 64). Occiput glabrous or longitudinally carinate (fig. 73). Lateral pronotal carinae reaching pronotal crest dorsomedially. Lateral surfaces <strong>of</strong> pronotum foveate to foveate-reticulate, with or without secondary transverse costae, and medially separated by an extended, less sculptured anterior surface <strong>of</strong> anterior plate. Pronotal crest not raised (fig. 66) or conspicuously raised dorsomedially into a peak (fig. 76). Mesoscutum predominantly transversely carinate with more or less obvious foveae in between (fig. 76) or entirely foveate-reticulate (fig. 66). Mesoscutellum flat to sloped posteriorly and foveate-reticulate. Scutellar sulcus mostly divided by a single median carina, occasionally divided into more than two foveae by several subequally strong longitudinal carinae (P. chrysochaites and P. rufipes). Axillar area usually without conspicuous hair tuft. Upper mesopleuron glabrous. Median mesopleural impression straight, with a few, sometimes reduced vertical carinae (e.g., fig. 66). Metepisternum irregularly alveolate. Dorsoapical teeth <strong>of</strong> metatibia long and pointed (e.g., fig. 81); apical protuberance <strong>of</strong> first metatarsomere present (fig. 83) or absent. Tergum7 <strong>of</strong> female metasoma with posterior margin usually not curved dorsolaterally, entirely covering T8, or occasionally curved dorsolaterally, distinctly exposing T8 (fig. 53). When T8 <strong>of</strong> female metasoma is exposed, <strong>the</strong> pronotum is always raised anterodorsally into a conspicuous peak (P. chrysochaites and P. rufipes). Terga 6–7/8 with more or less coarse punctures with hairs. Tergum5 <strong>of</strong> male metasoma expanded, particularly so ventrally, <strong>the</strong> largest postpetiolar tergum. KEY TO SPECIES OF PUNCTULATUS GROUP 1. Occiput distinctly carinate vertically and first metatarsomere apically with a prolonged protuberance. Only one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> two features present in a few species . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 – Occiput glabrous, and first metatarsomere apically without a prolonged protuberance . . 20 2. Pronotum not raised anterodorsally. T8 <strong>of</strong> female slightly exposed. Mesoscutum dorsally mainly transversely carinate . . . . . . . . . . . ................. P. conspiratus, n.sp. – Pronotum conspicuously raised into a peak anterodorsally. T8 <strong>of</strong> female not exposed. Mesoscutum dorsally mainly foveate-reticulate (borneanus clade)............... 3 3. First metatarsomere without a distal protuberance....................... 4 – First metatarsomere with a prominent distal protuberance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4. Antennal flagellum distinctly widened apically, F11 almost twice as wide as <strong>the</strong> medial width <strong>of</strong> F1. Gena glabrate-punctate. Mesoscutellum not projected posteriorly. Body yellowish brown with head almost orange ......... ........ P. distinctus, n.sp. – Antennal flagellum not distinctly widened apically, F11 subequal to <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r flagellomeres in width. Gena coarsely foveate-punctate. Mesoscutellum distinctly projected posteriorly. Body black, except metasoma brown ......................... 5 5. Mesoscutellum without an inflection prior to posterior projection; posterior margin rounded. Lateral propodeal carina strongly raised anterodorsally into a lobular process (best viewedlaterally)................... ..........P. fraxini Yang and Liu, 1994 – Mesoscutellum with an inflection prior to posterior projection; posterior margin truncate. Lateral propodeal carinae not raised anterodorsally..................... . P. kosugii Watanabe and Sakagami, 1951 6. Occiput glabrous. . . . . . . P. insolitus, n.sp. – Occiput carinate vertically . . . . . . . . . . . 7 7. Metatibia with three to four subtriangular dentsdorsally.................... 8 – Metatibia without dents dorsally . . . . . . 9 8. Pronotum with dense hairs. Mesoscutellum flat; posterior margin truncate or slightly broadly emarginate. Body entirely black, legs dark brown, and forewing with a wide, gray band along outer margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................. P. nebulosus, n.sp.
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