Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover Vergleichende Studie zur

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Publikation 2 Abstract Objective To compare three different anaesthetic protocols for umbilical surgery in calves regarding the quality of analgesia and cardiopulmonary side effects Study Design Prospective, randomised experimental study Animals Thirty healthy German Holstein calves. Methods All calves underwent a standardised umbilical surgery. The inhalationgroup (INH) received isoflurane in oxygen after induction of anaesthesia with 0.1 mg kg -1 xylazine IM and 2.0 mg kg -1 ketamine IV, the injection-group (INJ) was treated with 0.2 mg kg -1 xylazine IM and 5.0 mg kg -1 ketamine IV injection, redosed every 10- 15 min with half the initial dose of ketamine, while the epidural-group (EPI) underwent a high volume caudal epidural anaesthesia of 0.2 mg kg -1 xylazine diluted to a final volume of 0.6 ml kg -1 with procaine 2%. All calves received a periumbilical infiltration of procaine and pre-emptive IV application of flunixine (2.2 mg kg -1 ). The endocrine stress response was determined through analysis of norepinephrine (NE) and cortisol concentrations at preset intervals up to five hours after surgery. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was applied to monitor intraoperative nociception. At the same time, cardiopulmonary variables and arterial blood gases were measured. Results The highest VAS-scores were recorded for Group INJ, followed by Group EPI and Group INH. Cortisol and NE-concentrations were significantly lower in Group EPI compared to Group INH and Group INJ. Partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2 ) in Group INJ was significantly decreased during surgery. Calves of Group INH and INJ developed decreased levels of arterial pH and high levels of partial pressure of 18
Publikation 2 carbon dioxide (signs of respiratory acidosis), mean arterial blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance. Conclusion High volume caudal epidural anaesthesia provided a more continuous antinociception than injection anaesthesia while inducing less cardiopulmonary side effects. Clinical relevance For umbilical surgery, high volume caudal epidural anaesthesia provides a practical, inexpensive and safe anaesthetic protocol for calves undergoing umbilical surgery. Key words: epidural anaesthesia, pain management, calf 19
Page 1 and 2: Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
Page 3: Meinen Eltern
Page 6 and 7: Abkürzungsverzeichnis A.a. a Abb.
Page 8 and 9: p a CO 2 arterieller Kohlendioxidpa
Page 10 and 11: Einleitung der geringe Wert des Ein
Page 12 and 13: Einleitung Naturgemäß können Tie
Page 14 and 15: Einleitung abdominalchirurgische Ei
Page 16 and 17: Einleitung Im Rahmen von Studien zu
Page 18 and 19: Literatur ENDENBURG, N., HARDIE, E.
Page 20 and 21: Literatur MATHEWS, K. A. (2000) Pai
Page 22 and 23: Literatur RINGS, D. M. & MUIR, W. W
Page 24 and 25: Publikation 1 Abstract The study de
Page 28 and 29: Publikation 2 Introduction Abdomina
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Page 50 and 51: Publikation 2 REFERENCES: Amory H,
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Page 58 and 59: Publikation 2 Figures b 30 INH INJ
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Publikation 3 References: 1. Offing
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Publikation 3 Figure 2: Spinal cord
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Publikation 3 Figure 4: Arteria spi
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Übergreifende Diskussion Basierend
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Übergreifende Diskussion Basalwert
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Übergreifende Diskussion diesen Ti
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Übergreifende Diskussion Aortenpun
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Literatur KOCHS, E., BLANC, I., WER
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Zusammenfassung Jennifer Offinger (
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Zusammenfassung signifikanter Ansti
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Summary applied to monitor intraope
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Danksagungen An erster Stelle gilt
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Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover Vergleichende Studie zur

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