Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover Vergleichende Studie zur

Publikation 2
Measured parameters
Analgesia and endocrine stress response
The quality of anaesthesia and analgesia was assessed by observing the calves’
reactions to the following pre-set intra-operative procedures on a visual analogue
scale (VAS) (Anil et al. 2002): Incision of the skin, incision of muscular tissue,
opening of abdominal cavity, exploration of abdominal cavity, umbilical resection,
suture of peritoneum, sutures of muscular tissue and sutures of skin. Responses to
each event were subjectively interpreted and individually recorded on a line ranging
from 0 (no pain) to 100 mm (very severe pain).
Cardiopulmonary parameters
Blood pressures were measured and recorded with a cardiovascular monitor
(IntelliVue MP50, Phillips Medizin Systeme, Hamburg, Germany). Central venous
blood pressures (CVP), pulmonary arterial pressures (Carrick et al. 1989) and central
blood temperature were measured via the different ports of the Swan-Ganz catheter,
and heart rate (HR), as well as systemic arterial blood pressure (MAP), via the aortic
catheter. Cardiac output (CO) was determined using the thermodilution technique
(Sprung et al. 1984) by injecting 5 mL of cold (0–5°C) 5% dextrose solution through
the proximal port of the catheter and recording the change in pulmonary artery
temperature as previously described by Meyer et al. (2009). Respiratory rate (RR)
was measured by visual observations of thoracic excursions over a period of 1 min.
Blood samples for blood-gas analysis were drawn anaerobically from the distal lumen
of the Swan-Ganz- and the aortic catheter for mixed venous ( v¯ ) and arterial ( a ) blood
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