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horizontal accelerations in the epicentral region were as high as 0.64 g. In the areas where
damage investigations were concentrated, the peak ground accelerations generally ranged from
0.20 g to 0.40 g. Soil liquefaction and associated ground deformations were documented at
numerous locations in the San Francisco Bay area (Seed et al. 1990; O’Rourke and Pease 1992).
An interesting observation was that soil liquefaction in the Monterey and San Francisco Bay
areas occurred at many of the same locations that exhibited ground failures during the 1906
earthquake. These ground failures were conspicuous in the Monterey Bay/Watsonsville region.
Here, liquefaction was directly responsible for the destruction of a Marine Research Facility at
Moss Landing as well as damage to other structures and facilities (Seed et al. 1990; Boulanger et
al. 1998a). The Research Facility was located on a sandy peninsula between the Pacific Ocean
and the old trace of the Salinas River. Fissures and sand boils were found in the immediate
vicinity of the facility. As illustrated in Figure 2.18, the structure settled several meters, and
lateral spread deformations of the foundation soils were roughly 2 m. Similar, yet more severe
lateral spreading occurred in this area during the 1906 earthquake, as shown in Figure 2.19.
Figure 2.18: Damage to the Moss Landing Research Facility due to Settlement and Lateral Spreading
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