Henry Baird Favill, AB, MD, LL.D., 1860-1916, a ... - University Library

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MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH 349
what they can appropriately do with respect to the many
years of Hfe it is hoped they will endure.
Upon that basis it is safe to say that there is a point at
which expenditure of energ>^ through voluntary^ activities
is in ideal adjustment to those processes of nutrition and
growth which we consider distinctly vegetative.
Expenditure
of energy beyond this point means at the expense of
proper growth. Effort below this point is as plainly but
perhaps not as seriously unfavorable to development.
There can be no doubt that this point varies in different
individuals and that there is hence great difficulty in determining
for children in masses fixed lines within which they
shall all
travel.
Educators are coming to see this, and the process of
differentiation in educational matters is becoming a matter
of close investigation. This applies not only to the curriculum
of school, but applies and will still more apply to physical
conditions under which school children live.
The principle which is gradually being evolved in educational
matters is this: that there shall be an elasticity in
school curricula which shall enable the various degrees of
mental and physical capacity to find proper measure and
accommodation
Through it all runs distinct recognition of the fact that
the tendency of school is to over-confine and over-restrict
and more or less over-work the young child. If that principle
is sound as applied to school life, with its comparative
latitude, short hours, and desultory^ character, why should
it not be invoked to determine what is proper as to labor
for children? The question admits of no argument.
As a human proposition it is far more important that
the factory be estimated upon this basis than that the
school should be. As a practical proposition nobody can
question that the effect upon children of long hours, rigid
duties, sustained effort,
and more or less bad hygienic conditions
which prevail of necessity in industrial pursuits,