Oil and Gas at Your Door? (2005 Edition) - Earthworks
Oil and Gas at Your Door? (2005 Edition) - Earthworks
Oil and Gas at Your Door? (2005 Edition) - Earthworks
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H<br />
heavy oil<br />
Hydrocarbons composed of long chains of hydrogen <strong>and</strong> carbon <strong>at</strong>oms<br />
horizontal drilling<br />
A drilling technique where a well is drilled vertically to a certain depth <strong>and</strong> then drilled <strong>at</strong> a right<br />
angle so th<strong>at</strong> the borehole penetr<strong>at</strong>es a productive form<strong>at</strong>ion in a manner parallel to the form<strong>at</strong>ion.<br />
hydraulic fracturing<br />
An oper<strong>at</strong>ion in which a specially blended liquid is pumped down a well <strong>and</strong> into a form<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
under pressure high enough to cause the form<strong>at</strong>ion to crack open, forming passages through<br />
which oil or gas can flow into the wellbore. See also fracturing.<br />
hydrocarbons<br />
Organic compounds composed of hydrogen <strong>and</strong> carbon. Their densities, boiling points, <strong>and</strong><br />
freezing points increase as their molecular weights increase. The smallest molecules of hydrocarbons<br />
are gaseous; the largest are solids. Petroleum is a mixture of many different hydrocarbons.<br />
hydrogen sulfide<br />
Chemical formula H2S, also known as sour gas. It is a flammable, colorless gas th<strong>at</strong> is often<br />
associ<strong>at</strong>ed with oil <strong>and</strong> gas development. Hydrogen sulfide is toxic <strong>and</strong> smells like rotten eggs<br />
<strong>at</strong> low concentr<strong>at</strong>ions. It is heavier than air, <strong>and</strong> may accumul<strong>at</strong>e in low-lying areas.<br />
I<br />
impermeable<br />
preventing the passage of fluid. A form<strong>at</strong>ion may be porous yet impermeable if there is an<br />
absence of connecting passages between the voids within it.<br />
independent producer<br />
An energy company, usually in the explor<strong>at</strong>ion <strong>and</strong> production segment of the industry <strong>and</strong> generally,<br />
with no marketing, transport<strong>at</strong>ion or refining oper<strong>at</strong>ions. A non-integr<strong>at</strong>ed producing company<br />
in the oil industry.<br />
ingress<br />
The act of entering.<br />
injection w<strong>at</strong>er<br />
W<strong>at</strong>er th<strong>at</strong> is introduced into a reservoir to help drive hydrocarbons to a producing well. May<br />
also refer to produced w<strong>at</strong>er th<strong>at</strong> is introduced into a form<strong>at</strong>ion other than the one from which<br />
it was extracted.<br />
injection well<br />
A well through which fluids are injected into an subsurface form<strong>at</strong>ion to increase reservoir pressure<br />
<strong>and</strong> to displace oil (e.g., during oil enhancement or w<strong>at</strong>erflooding oper<strong>at</strong>ions). Also called<br />
an input well.<br />
Glossary-7
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