Europes ecological backbone.pdf

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Land cover and uses Table 7.1 Distribution of Corine land‐cover classes in massifs (ha), 2006 Massif 1 Artificial surfaces % 2A Arable land and permanent crops % 2B Pastures and mosaic farmland % 3A Forests and transitional woodland shrub % 3B Natural grassland, heathland and sclerophylous vegetation % 3C Open space with little or no vegetation % 4 Wetlands % 5 % Water bodies Alps 527 413 3.2 571 920 3.4 2 427 726 14.5 8 733 123 52.3 2 361 275 14.1 1 976 618 11.8 26 361 0.2 88 239 0.5 Apennines 233 729 2.1 3 058 711 27.4 1 869 947 16.8 4 854 203 43.5 949 579 8.5 171 676 1.5 1 094 0.0 22 866 0.2 Atlantic islands 21 443 4.0 101 706 19.0 22 538 4.2 90 675 16.9 263 373 49.2 35 868 6.7 0.0 59 0.0 Balkans/South-east Europe 383 041 1.6 1 112 343 4.8 5 241 562 22.4 13 900 510 59.4 2 147 167 9.2 461 469 2.0 12 975 0.1 155 371 0.7 British Isles 3 851 0.4 7 872 0.8 240 435 23.6 183 905 18.0 98 630 9.7 22 127 2.2 451 363 44.3 11 736 1.2 Carpathians 544 770 3.9 1 372 629 9.9 2 850 312 20.5 8 645 546 62.3 378 291 2.7 33 143 0.2 6 843 0.0 54 283 0.4 Central European 208 587 5.5 489 568 12.9 800 373 21.0 2 274 674 59.7 18 784 0.5 161 0.0 2 922 0.1 14 122 0.4 middle mountains 1 * Central European 199 568 4.4 758 619 16.7 1 213 579 26.8 2 315 736 51.0 25 969 0.6 413 0.0 6 562 0.1 16 254 0.4 middle mountains 2 ** Eastern 14 163 3.3 65 014 15.3 60 380 14.2 175 806 41.4 102 988 24.2 5 653 1.3 0.0 705 0.2 Mediterranean islands French/Swiss middle mountains 185 847 2.7 312 913 4.5 2 618 833 37.6 3 346 023 48.1 445 466 6.4 13 157 0.2 7 249 0.1 28 388 0.4 Iberian mountains 259 694 1.0 4 524 320 17.2 4 769 102 18.2 9 896 805 37.7 5 700 232 21.7 976 352 3.7 4 723 0.0 126 065 0.5 Lakes 2 562 0.9 9 899 3.4 9 953 3.4 7 062 2.4 6 619 2.3 5 729 2.0 3 291 1.1 247 860 84.6 Nordic mountains 105 713 0.3 164 371 0.4 779 569 1.9 12 989 340 31.4 9 319 801 22.5 14 136 721 34.2 2 184 786 5.3 1 690 946 4.1 Pyrenees 74 280 1.4 484 470 8.9 704 452 12.9 2 819 885 51.6 1 036 048 19.0 320 477 5.9 337 0.0 21 464 0.4 Turkey 602 821 1.0 9 673 408 16.1 10 790 899 17.9 18 308 099 30.4 8 530 922 14.2 11 825 431 19.6 126 123 0.2 329 159 0.5 Western 32 716 1.4 191 701 8.0 349 836 14.6 771 147 32.2 922 419 38.5 125 380 5.2 247 0.0 4 674 0.2 Mediterranean islands All massifs 3 400 198 1.6 22 899 464 10.5 34 749 496 15.9 89 312 539 40.9 32 307 563 14.8 30 110 375 13.8 2 834 876 1.3 2 812 191 1.3 Note: * = Belgium and Germany; ** = the Czech Republic, Austria and Germany. Source: European Environment Agency: CLC2006 and CLC classes according to the LEAC methodology (http://www.eea.europa.eu/ data-and-maps/data/land-cover-accounts-leac-based-on-corine-land-cover-changes-database-1990-2000 [accessed 8 July 2010]). 114 Europe's ecological backbone: recognising the true value of our mountains
Land cover and uses Figure 7.1 Distribution of Corine land‐cover classes in massifs (ha), 2006 Area in hectares 20 000 000 18 000 000 16 000 000 14 000 000 12 000 000 10 000 000 8 000 000 6 000 000 4 000 000 2 000 000 0 Alps Apennines Atlantic islands Balkans/South-east Europe British Isles Carpathians Central European middle mountains 1 * Central European middle mountains 2 ** Eastern Mediterranean islands French/Swiss middle mountains Iberian mountains Lakes Nordic mountains Pyrenees Turkey Western Mediterranean islands 1 Artificial surfaces 2A Arable land and permanent crops 2B Pastures and mosaic farmland 3A Forests and transitional woodland shrub 3B Natural grassland, heathland, sclerophylous vegetation 3C Open space with little or no vegetation 4 Wetlands 5 Water bodies Note: * = Belgium and Germany; ** = the Czech Republic, Austria and Germany. Figure 7.2 Land cover classes in the mountain area of each country as a proportion of national area: EU‐27 Member States with mountain areas % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Austria Belgium Bulgaria Cyprus Czech Republic Finland France Germany Hungary Ireland Italy Luxembourg Malta Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden 1 Artificial surfaces 2A Arable land and permanent crops 2B Pastures and mosaic farmland 3A Forests and transitional woodland shrub 3B Natural grassland, heathland, sclerophylous vegetation 3C Open space with little or no vegetation 4 Wetlands 5 Water bodies Europe's ecological backbone: recognising the true value of our mountains 115
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EEA Report No 6/2010 Europe's ecolo
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Cover design: EEA Cover photo © Ca
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Contents 7 Land cover and uses.....
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Acknowledgements Box 1.5: Maja Vasi
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Acknowledgements Chapter 8 Mountain
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Executive summary general, populati
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Executive summary Among all Europe'
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Introduction and background Interna
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Introduction and background same co
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Introduction and background instrum
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Introduction and background coopera
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Introduction and background instrum
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Introduction and background Box 1.4
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Introduction and background made. W
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Introduction and background Map 1.2
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Introduction and background require
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Introduction and background Map 1.3
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Mountain people: status and trends
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Mountain economies and accessibilit
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Ecosystem services from Europe's mo
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Ecosystem services from Europe's mo
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Page 76 and 77: Climate change and Europe's mountai
Page 88 and 89: The water towers of Europe lowland
Page 90 and 91: The water towers of Europe Box 6.1
Page 94 and 95: The water towers of Europe Figure 6
Page 96 and 97: The water towers of Europe • Navi
Page 98 and 99: The water towers of Europe in the a
Page 106 and 107: The water towers of Europe (Livings
Page 112 and 113: Land cover and uses 7 Land cover an
Page 114 and 115: Land cover and uses Map 7.2 Dominan
Page 118 and 119: Land cover and uses Figure 7.3 Land
Page 120 and 121: Land cover and uses Table 7.2 Chang
Page 122 and 123: Land cover and uses Box 7.1 Land us
Page 124 and 125: Land cover and uses Box 7.1 Land us
Page 126 and 127: Land cover and uses Figure 7.7 Aver
Page 128 and 129: Land cover and uses Box 7.3 Land re
Page 130 and 131: Land cover and uses Box 7.4 Land-us
Page 132 and 133: Land cover and uses Figure 7.11 Con
Page 134 and 135: Land cover and uses country before
Page 136 and 137: Land cover and uses Table 7.8 Natio
Page 138 and 139: Land cover and uses Map 7.6 Area cl
Page 140 and 141: Land cover and uses Box 7.6 Identif
Page 142 and 143: Land cover and uses Table 7.10 Tota
Page 144 and 145: Biodiversity 8 Biodiversity At the
Page 146 and 147: Biodiversity The geographic scope o
Page 148 and 149: Biodiversity Recognising that not a
Page 150 and 151: Biodiversity Figure 8.1 Number of m
Page 152 and 153: Biodiversity Figure 8.3 Habitats in
Page 154 and 155: Biodiversity For each habitat type,
Page 156 and 157: Biodiversity Box 8.2 Alien plants i
Page 158 and 159: Biodiversity Box 8.3 Climate change
Page 160 and 161: Biodiversity The pattern of success
Page 162 and 163: Biodiversity Box 8.4 Recent changes
Page 164 and 165: Protected areas Box 9.1 Sharr Mount
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Protected areas 9.1 Natura 2000 sit
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Protected areas Table 9.1 Area of N
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Protected areas the mountains of th
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Protected areas Figure 9.3 Distribu
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Protected areas Figure 9.7 Distribu
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Protected areas Figure 9.10 Changes
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Protected areas Box 9.3 Land use de
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Protected areas Figure 9.12 Percent
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Protected areas Box 9.4 Kaçkar Mou
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Protected areas Table 9.7 Area of n
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Protected areas scale. Overlaps are
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Protected areas Box 9.5 Cantabrian
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Integrated approaches to understand
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References References Chapter 1 All
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References European Union, 2010. Pr
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References European Commission, 200
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References Yoshino, M., 2005. Mount
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References World Resources Institut
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References Faggian, P. and Giorgi,
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References Lopez-Moreno, J.I.; Goye
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References Ambrosetti, W. and Barba
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References characteristics of the l
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References Rogora, M., 2007. 'Synch
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References Chapter 7 Aitchison, J.
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References Williamson, T., 2002. Th
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References Lelek, A., 1987. The fre
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References Berthold, P., 2000: Voge
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References years of simulated clima
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References Konstanz, erschienen 199
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References EEA/UNEP, 2004. High nat
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References Innovations in GIS 7. Ta
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Appendix 1 Species Annex Endemic to
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Appendix 2 Appendix 2 Mountain habi
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Appendix 2 Code ( a ) Name Category
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Appendix 2 Code ( a ) Name Category
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TH-AL-10-006-EN-C doi:10.2800/43450
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