Europes ecological backbone.pdf

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Appendix 2 Code ( a ) Name Category ( b ) 5320 Low formations of Euphorbia close to cliffs N 5330 Thermo-Mediterranean and pre-desert scrub N 54 Phrygana 5410 West Mediterranean clifftop phryganas (Astragalo-Plantaginetum subulatae) N 5420 Sarcopoterium spinosum phryganas N 5430 Endemic phryganas of the Euphorbio-Verbascion F 6 Natural and semi-natural grassland formations 61 Natural grasslands 6110 * Rupicolous calcareous or basophilic grasslands of the Alysso-Sedion albi F 6120 * Xeric sand calcareous grasslands N 6130 Calaminarian grasslands of the Violetalia calaminariae F 6140 Siliceous Pyrenean Festuca eskia grasslands M 6150 Siliceous alpine and boreal grasslands M 6160 Oro-Iberian Festuca indigesta grasslands M 6170 Alpine and subalpine calcareous grasslands M 6180 Macaronesian mesophile grasslands M 6190 Rupicolous pannonic grasslands (Stipo-Festucetalia pallentis) F 62 Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies 6210 Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies on calcareous substrates (Festuco- Brometalia) (* important orchid sites) F 6220 * Pseudo-steppe with grasses and annuals of the Thero-Brachypodietea F 6230 * Species-rich Nardus grasslands, on silicious substrates in mountain areas (and submountain areas in Continental Europe) F 6240 * Sub-Pannonic steppic grasslands N 6250 * Pannonic loess steppic grasslands N 6260 * Pannonic sand steppes N 6270 * Fennoscandian lowland species-rich dry to mesic grasslands N 6280 * Nordic alvar and precambrian calcareous flatrocks N 62A0 Eastern sub-Mediterranean dry grasslands (Scorzoneratalia villosae) N 62B0 * Serpentinophilous grassland of Cyprus F 62C0 * Ponto-Sarmatic steppes N 62D0 Oro-Moesian acidophilous grasslands M 63 Sclerophillous grazed forests (dehesas) 6310 Dehesas with evergreen Quercus spp. N 64 Semi-natural tall-herb humid meadows 6410 Molinia meadows on calcareous, peaty or clayey-silt-laden soils (Molinion caeruleae) F 6420 Mediterranean tall humid grasslands of the Molinio-Holoschoenion F 6430 Hydrophilous tall herb fringe communities of plains and of the montane to alpine levels F 6440 Alluvial meadows of river valleys of the Cnidion dubii N 6450 Northern boreal alluvial meadows F 6460 Peat grasslands of Troodos M 65 Mesophile grasslands 6510 Lowland hay meadows (Alopecurus pratensis, Sanguisorba officinalis) N 6520 Mountain hay meadows M 6530 * Fennoscandian wooded meadows N 7 Raised bogs and mires and fens 71 Sphagnum acid bogs 7110 * Active raised bogs F 7120 Degraded raised bogs still capable of natural regeneration F 7130 Blanket bogs (* if active bog) F 7140 Transition mires and quaking bogs F 7150 Depressions on peat substrates of the Rhynchosporion F 7160 Fennoscandian mineral-rich springs and springfens F 72 Calcareous fens 7210 * Calcareous fens with Cladium mariscus and species of the Caricion davallianae F 7220 * Petrifying springs with tufa formation (Cratoneurion) F 7230 Alkaline fens F 7240 * Alpine pioneer formations of the Caricion bicoloris-atrofuscae M 73 Boreal mires 7310 * Aapa mires F 7320 * Palsa mires M 246 Europe's ecological backbone: recognising the true value of our mountains
Appendix 2 Code ( a ) Name Category ( b ) 8 Rocky habitats and caves 81 Scree 8110 Siliceous scree of the montane to snow levels (Androsacetalia alpinae and Galeopsietalia ladani) M 8120 Calcareous and calcshist screes of the montane to alpine levels (Thlaspietea rotundifolii) M 8130 Western Mediterranean and thermophilous scree F 8140 Eastern Mediterranean screes M 8150 Medio-European upland siliceous screes F 8160 * Medio-European calcareous scree of hill and montane levels F 82 Rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation 8210 Calcareous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation F 8220 Siliceous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation F 8230 Siliceous rock with pioneer vegetation of the Sedo-Scleranthion or of the Sedo albi- Veronicion dillenii F 8240 * Limestone pavements F 83 Other rocky habitats 8310 Caves not open to the public F 8320 Fields of lava and natural excavations F 8330 Submerged or partially submerged sea caves N 8340 Permanent glaciers M 9 Forests 90 Forests of Boreal Europe 9010 * Western Taïga F 9020 * Fennoscandian hemiboreal natural old broad-leaved deciduous forests (Quercus, Tilia, Acer, Fraxinus or Ulmus) rich in epiphytes F 9030 * Natural forests of primary succession stages of landupheaval coast N 9040 Nordic subalpine/subarctic forests with Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii M 9050 Fennoscandian herb-rich forests with Picea abies F 9060 Coniferous forests on, or connected to, glaciofluvial eskers F 9070 Fennoscandian wooded pastures F 9080 * Fennoscandian deciduous swamp woods F 91 Forests of Temperate Europe 9110 Luzulo-Fagetum beech forests F 9120 Atlantic acidophilous beech forests with Ilex and sometimes also Taxus in the shrublayer (Quercion robori-petraeae or Ilici-Fagenion) F 9130 Asperulo-Fagetum beech forests F 9140 Medio-European subalpine beech woods with Acer and Rumex arifolius M 9150 Medio-European limestone beech forests of the Cephalanthero-Fagion F 9160 Sub-Atlantic and medio-European oak or oak-hornbeam forests of the Carpinion betuli F 9170 Galio-Carpinetum oak-hornbeam forests F 9180 * Tilio-Acerion forests of slopes, screes and ravines F 9190 Old acidophilous oak woods with Quercus robur on sandy plains N 91A0 Old sessile oak woods with Ilex and Blechnum in the British Isles F 91B0 Thermophilous Fraxinus angustifolia woods F 91C0 * Caledonian forest M 91D0 * Bog woodland F 91E0 * Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior (Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae) F 91F0 Riparian mixed forests of Quercus robur, Ulmus laevis and Ulmus minor, Fraxinus excelsior or Fraxinus angustifolia, along the great rivers (Ulmenion minoris) F 91G0 * Pannonic woods with Quercus petraea and Carpinus betulus N 91H0 * Pannonian woods with Quercus pubescens N 91I0 * Euro-Siberian steppic woods with Quercus spp. N 91J0 * Taxus baccata woods of the British Isles N 91K0 Illyrian Fagus sylvatica forests (Aremonio-Fagion) F 91L0 Illyrian oak-hornbeam forests (Erythronio-Carpinion) F 91M0 Pannonian-Balkanic turkey oak –sessile oak forests N 91N0 * Pannonic inland sand dune thicket (Junipero-Populetum albae) N 91P0 Holy Cross fir forest (Abietetum polonicum) F 91Q0 Western Carpathian calcicolous Pinus sylvestris forests M 91R0 Dinaric dolomite Scots pine forests (Genisto januensis-Pinetum) F 91S0 * Western Pontic beech forests F Europe's ecological backbone: recognising the true value of our mountains 247
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EEA Report No 6/2010 Europe's ecolo
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Cover design: EEA Cover photo © Ca
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Contents 7 Land cover and uses.....
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Acknowledgements Box 1.5: Maja Vasi
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Acknowledgements Chapter 8 Mountain
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Executive summary general, populati
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Executive summary Among all Europe'
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Introduction and background Interna
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Introduction and background same co
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Introduction and background instrum
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Introduction and background coopera
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Introduction and background instrum
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Introduction and background Box 1.4
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Introduction and background made. W
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Introduction and background Map 1.2
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Introduction and background require
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Introduction and background Map 1.3
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Mountain people: status and trends
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Mountain economies and accessibilit
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Ecosystem services from Europe's mo
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Climate change and Europe's mountai
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The water towers of Europe lowland
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The water towers of Europe Box 6.1
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The water towers of Europe Figure 6
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The water towers of Europe • Navi
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The water towers of Europe in the a
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The water towers of Europe (Livings
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Land cover and uses 7 Land cover an
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Land cover and uses Map 7.2 Dominan
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Land cover and uses Table 7.1 Distr
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Land cover and uses Figure 7.3 Land
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Land cover and uses Table 7.2 Chang
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Land cover and uses Box 7.1 Land us
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Land cover and uses Box 7.1 Land us
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Land cover and uses Figure 7.7 Aver
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Land cover and uses Box 7.3 Land re
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Land cover and uses Box 7.4 Land-us
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Land cover and uses Figure 7.11 Con
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Land cover and uses country before
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Land cover and uses Table 7.8 Natio
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Land cover and uses Map 7.6 Area cl
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Land cover and uses Box 7.6 Identif
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Land cover and uses Table 7.10 Tota
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Biodiversity 8 Biodiversity At the
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Biodiversity The geographic scope o
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Biodiversity Recognising that not a
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Biodiversity Figure 8.1 Number of m
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Biodiversity Figure 8.3 Habitats in
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Biodiversity For each habitat type,
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Biodiversity Box 8.2 Alien plants i
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Biodiversity Box 8.3 Climate change
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Biodiversity The pattern of success
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Biodiversity Box 8.4 Recent changes
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Protected areas Box 9.1 Sharr Mount
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Protected areas 9.1 Natura 2000 sit
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Protected areas Table 9.1 Area of N
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Protected areas the mountains of th
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Protected areas Figure 9.3 Distribu
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Protected areas Figure 9.7 Distribu
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Protected areas Figure 9.10 Changes
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Protected areas Box 9.3 Land use de
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Protected areas Figure 9.12 Percent
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Protected areas Box 9.4 Kaçkar Mou
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Protected areas Table 9.7 Area of n
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Protected areas scale. Overlaps are
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Protected areas Box 9.5 Cantabrian
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Integrated approaches to understand
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Page 198 and 199: Integrated approaches to understand
Page 204 and 205: References References Chapter 1 All
Page 206 and 207: References European Union, 2010. Pr
Page 208 and 209: References European Commission, 200
Page 210 and 211: References Yoshino, M., 2005. Mount
Page 212 and 213: References World Resources Institut
Page 214 and 215: References Faggian, P. and Giorgi,
Page 216 and 217: References Lopez-Moreno, J.I.; Goye
Page 218 and 219: References Ambrosetti, W. and Barba
Page 220 and 221: References characteristics of the l
Page 222 and 223: References Rogora, M., 2007. 'Synch
Page 224 and 225: References Chapter 7 Aitchison, J.
Page 226 and 227: References Williamson, T., 2002. Th
Page 228 and 229: References Lelek, A., 1987. The fre
Page 230 and 231: References Berthold, P., 2000: Voge
Page 232 and 233: References years of simulated clima
Page 234 and 235: References Konstanz, erschienen 199
Page 236 and 237: References EEA/UNEP, 2004. High nat
Page 238 and 239: References Innovations in GIS 7. Ta
Page 240 and 241: Appendix 1 Species Annex Endemic to
Page 246 and 247: Appendix 2 Appendix 2 Mountain habi
Page 250 and 251: Appendix 2 Code ( a ) Name Category
Page 252: TH-AL-10-006-EN-C doi:10.2800/43450
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