Control and Design of Microgrid Components - Power Systems ...

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Figure 7.8 Control of F1 and P2, Feeder Flow. Figure 7.9 Control of P1 and F2, Unit Power. 98
Figure 7.10 Control of P1 and F2, Feeder Flow. 7.2 Grid Fluctuations The nominal grid frequency is 60Hz, but it has been measured to drift around it. Figure 7.11 shows two samples of the frequency, taken less than five minutes apart. One has a –0.04Hz deviation, while the other has a +0.06Hz deviation. This frequency deviation translates in the fact that the active power may not exactly match the request. Figure 7.12 shows that with a Δf=0.05Hz the corresponding variation of the power setpoint is 0.08 pu, or 10 % of the ratings. This justifies the fact that in some of the plots in grid connection, the values of the injected power is not exactly as demanded, but may be different, sometimes about 10% off. 99
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PSERC Control and Design of Microgr
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Information about this project For
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Executive Summary Economic, technol
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Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introd
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List of Figures Figure 1.1 Microgri
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List of Figures (continued) Figure
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Chapter 1. Introduction Distributed
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1.2.2 Operation and Investment The
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Figure 1.1 Microgrid Architecture D
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Chapter 2. Static Switch The static
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ω ωo ω1 Preq Pgrid P Pload Figur
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2.3 Synchronization Conditions The
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droop. The issue is that it is poss
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This synchronizing behavior is unac
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Figure 2.12 shows on the upper plot
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Chapter 3. Microsource Details This
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with different size. This control i
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u + _ K F ω o + _ ω o s P u ω o
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Q versus E Droop E req Q m Q _ + E
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currents from the microsources incr
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inverter ratings limits (in kVA) ca
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A 16 DG B 22 DG Static Switch C 8 D
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ω Unit 2 Max Unit 2 ω o Unit 1 ω
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Unit 1 Min Unit 2 ω Unit 1 ΔPmin
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positive value. When this value has
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needs of power. This solution would
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This expression is very similar to
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Li-Pmax < Fi < Li for unit ‘i’
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ω ω ω o Fo ω o Fo F F Unit Powe
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Page 67 and 68: linearity. A value of 30 degrees pr
Page 69 and 70: Figure 4.8 P and Q Plane Capability
Page 71 and 72: 4.4 System Ratings The inverter per
Page 73 and 74: Switching Sequence 145 146 136 236
Page 75 and 76: generated by the inverter: the VA r
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Page 79 and 80: Figure 5.2 shows the plots for P,Q
Page 81 and 82: Figure 5.5 shows the measures of P
Page 83 and 84: Figure 5.7 One Unit Connected to th
Page 85 and 86: Microsources are connected to the l
Page 87 and 88: The transformer impedance can be se
Page 89 and 90: o r 1 = 0.3277 Ω = 0.0547 Ω x x 1
Page 91 and 92: Table 6.3 Load Data Summary. Rated
Page 93 and 94: The worse case scenario is represen
Page 95 and 96: The filtering is achieved by a low
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Page 101 and 102: Table 6.5 Lookup Table for Switchin
Page 103 and 104: Chapter 7. Microgrid Tests There ar
Page 105 and 106: Table 7.1 Summary of Experiments fo
Page 107 and 108: Table 7.2 Series Configuration Cont
Page 109: Figure 7.6 Control of F1 and F2, Fe
Page 113 and 114: pu, but when it is fed from a remot
Page 115 and 116: Unit 1: P, Q, F, Frequency, Voltage
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Unit 1: P, Q, F, Frequency, Voltage
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7.4.1 Unit 1 (F), Unit 2 (F), Impor
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Import From Grid, Setpoints are 10%
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Island, Setpoints are 10% and 90% o
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7.4.2 Unit 1 (F), Unit 2 (F), Expor
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Export to Grid, Setpoints are 10% a
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7.4.3 Unit 1 (F), Unit 2 (P), Impor
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7.4.4 Unit 1 (F), Unit 2 (P), Expor
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Chapter 8. Conclusions This work sh
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[14] Lasseter, R.,” Microgrids,
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