Control and Design of Microgrid Components - Power Systems ...

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REFERENCES [1] C.J.Melhorn, T.D. Davis, G.E.Beam, "Voltage Sags: Their Impact on the Utility and Industrial Customers,", IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol.34, No.3, May/June 1998, pp.549-558. [2] R.H. Lasseter, K. Tomsovic, P. Piagi, “Scenarios for Distributed Technology Applications with Steady State and Dynamic Models of Loads and Micro-Sources,” Prepared for the Transmission Reliability Program Office of Power Technologies, Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy http://certs.lbl.gov/pdf/PSERC_deri.pdf. [3] P. Piagi, R. H. Lasseter, “Distributed Energy Resources Integration Industrial Application of Microgrids,” Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions, Power System Engineering Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, October 2001 http://certs.lbl.gov/pdf/Industry_Microgrid_6.pdf. [4] R.H. Lasseter, P. Piagi, “Control of small distributed energy resources,” United States Patent Application 20040051387. [5] B.Burger, A.Engler, “Fast Signal Conditioning in Single Phase Systems,” 9 th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, 27.-29.08.2001, Graz. [6] D.W. Novotny, T.A. Lipo, “Vector Control and Dynamics of AC Drives,” Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1996. [7] M.F. McGranaghan, D.R. Mueller, M.J. Samotyj, “Voltage Sags in Industrial Systems,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 29, No. 2, March/April 1993. [8] “American National Standard for Electrical Power Systems and Equipment,” Voltage Ratings (60 Hertz), ANSI C84.1 -1995. [9] National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), Motors and Generators MG 1-1987. [10] T. Gonen, “Electric Power Distribution System Engineering,” McGraw-Hill, 1986. [11] Rome Cable Corporation, “Rome Cable Manual,” Rome Cable Corporation, Rome NY 1957. [12] Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy, “2001 BTS Core Databook,” Office of Building Technology, July 13, 2001. [13] Marnay, C. and O. Bailey, “The CERTS Microgrid and the Future of the Macrogrid,” LBNL-55281. August 2004. 244
[14] Lasseter, R.,” Microgrids,” IEEE PES Winter Meeting, January 2002. [15] Zang, H., M.Chandorkar, G. Venkataramanan, “Development of Static Switchgear for Utility Interconnection in a Microgrid.” Power and Energy Systems PES, Feb. 24-26, 2003, Palm Springs, CA. 245
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PSERC Control and Design of Microgr
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Information about this project For
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Executive Summary Economic, technol
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Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introd
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List of Figures Figure 1.1 Microgri
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List of Figures (continued) Figure
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Chapter 1. Introduction Distributed
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1.2.2 Operation and Investment The
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Figure 1.1 Microgrid Architecture D
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Chapter 2. Static Switch The static
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ω ωo ω1 Preq Pgrid P Pload Figur
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2.3 Synchronization Conditions The
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droop. The issue is that it is poss
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This synchronizing behavior is unac
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Figure 2.12 shows on the upper plot
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Chapter 3. Microsource Details This
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with different size. This control i
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u + _ K F ω o + _ ω o s P u ω o
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Q versus E Droop E req Q m Q _ + E
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currents from the microsources incr
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inverter ratings limits (in kVA) ca
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A 16 DG B 22 DG Static Switch C 8 D
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ω Unit 2 Max Unit 2 ω o Unit 1 ω
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Unit 1 Min Unit 2 ω Unit 1 ΔPmin
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positive value. When this value has
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needs of power. This solution would
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This expression is very similar to
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Li-Pmax < Fi < Li for unit ‘i’
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ω ω ω o Fo ω o Fo F F Unit Powe
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This control has been implemented i
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characteristic will coincide with t
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ating on the voltage output, establ
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Prime Mover DC Storage Voltage Sour
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linearity. A value of 30 degrees pr
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Figure 4.8 P and Q Plane Capability
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4.4 System Ratings The inverter per
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Switching Sequence 145 146 136 236
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generated by the inverter: the VA r
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% of voltage unbalance = 100 maximu
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Figure 5.2 shows the plots for P,Q
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Figure 5.5 shows the measures of P
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Figure 5.7 One Unit Connected to th
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Microsources are connected to the l
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The transformer impedance can be se
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o r 1 = 0.3277 Ω = 0.0547 Ω x x 1
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Table 6.3 Load Data Summary. Rated
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The worse case scenario is represen
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The filtering is achieved by a low
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works with an internal voltage leve
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terminals to achieve each of the th
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Table 6.5 Lookup Table for Switchin
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Chapter 7. Microgrid Tests There ar
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Table 7.1 Summary of Experiments fo
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Table 7.2 Series Configuration Cont
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Figure 7.6 Control of F1 and F2, Fe
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Figure 7.10 Control of P1 and F2, F
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pu, but when it is fed from a remot
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Unit 1: P, Q, F, Frequency, Voltage
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Page 205 and 206: Unit 1: P, Q, F, Frequency, Voltage
Page 207 and 208: 7.4.1 Unit 1 (F), Unit 2 (F), Impor
Page 209 and 210: Import From Grid, Setpoints are 10%
Page 213 and 214: Island, Setpoints are 10% and 90% o
Page 221 and 222: 7.4.2 Unit 1 (F), Unit 2 (F), Expor
Page 223 and 224: Export to Grid, Setpoints are 10% a
Page 231 and 232: 7.4.3 Unit 1 (F), Unit 2 (P), Impor
Page 245 and 246: 7.4.4 Unit 1 (F), Unit 2 (P), Expor
Page 255: Chapter 8. Conclusions This work sh
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