Control and Design of Microgrid Components - Power Systems ...

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Utility System 480 V Z1 T1 Static Switch 208 V Z2 Z3 Z4 T2 T3 480 V 480 V L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 MS 1 MS 2 Figure 6.3 Single Phase Laboratory Circuit Diagram. Each microsource is connected to the feeder by a series of low pass LC filter, an inductor and a transformer. The 208V low side of the transformer is connected at wye with the neutral cable connected the fourth wire inside the system. The 480V high side of this transformer is on the microsource side where there is a 3 wire system. The supply voltage from the utility is also at 480V, while the rest of the microgrid operates at 208V. Every component of the network is described in detail in the following paragraphs. 6.2.1 Transformers This section describes the transformers used in the systems. The transformer that is used to connect with the utility system has larger ratings than the transformer used to interface with the microsource. The two microsources are twin systems, therefore their transformers will be identical. Transformer T1 Nameplate Data: 75 KVA, 480/208 Δ/Y with neutral connected to the 4 th wire, but not grounded 5% Impedance, X/R = 1 74
The transformer impedance can be seen on the primary or on the secondary, both are reported here: X X 480 208 = R = R 480 208 2 480 0.05 = = 0.153 Ω 75000 2 208 0.05 = = 0.0288 Ω 75000 Transformer T2 and T3 Data: 45 KVA, 480/208 D/Y with neutral connected to the 4 th wire, but not grounded 5% Impedance, X/R = 1 X X 480 208 = R = R 480 208 2 480 0.05 = = 0.256 45000 2 208 0.05 = = 0.048 45000 Ω Ω Table 6.1 summarizes the useful data for the transformers in the hardware system. Table 6.1 Transformer Data Summary. S xfmr X pu X/R Rated V R (@ 480) X (@ 480) [kVA] [%] [V] [Ω] [Ω] T1 75 5 1 480/208 0.153 0.153 T2 & T3 45 5 1 480/208 0.256 0.256 6.2.2 Cables This section gives the details for all the cables used in the system. All the data for the cables are specified in sequence domain, assuming positive and negative sequence impedance equal to r 1 + j x 1 and zero sequence equal to r o + j x o . Impedance Z1: Data: Size AWG 1/0, length of 180 ft 75
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PSERC Control and Design of Microgr
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Information about this project For
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Executive Summary Economic, technol
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Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introd
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List of Figures Figure 1.1 Microgri
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List of Figures (continued) Figure
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Chapter 1. Introduction Distributed
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1.2.2 Operation and Investment The
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Figure 1.1 Microgrid Architecture D
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Chapter 2. Static Switch The static
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ω ωo ω1 Preq Pgrid P Pload Figur
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2.3 Synchronization Conditions The
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droop. The issue is that it is poss
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This synchronizing behavior is unac
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Figure 2.12 shows on the upper plot
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Chapter 3. Microsource Details This
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with different size. This control i
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Page 37 and 38: Q versus E Droop E req Q m Q _ + E
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Page 69 and 70: Figure 4.8 P and Q Plane Capability
Page 71 and 72: 4.4 System Ratings The inverter per
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Page 75 and 76: generated by the inverter: the VA r
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Page 79 and 80: Figure 5.2 shows the plots for P,Q
Page 81 and 82: Figure 5.5 shows the measures of P
Page 83 and 84: Figure 5.7 One Unit Connected to th
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Page 89 and 90: o r 1 = 0.3277 Ω = 0.0547 Ω x x 1
Page 91 and 92: Table 6.3 Load Data Summary. Rated
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Page 105 and 106: Table 7.1 Summary of Experiments fo
Page 107 and 108: Table 7.2 Series Configuration Cont
Page 109 and 110: Figure 7.6 Control of F1 and F2, Fe
Page 111 and 112: Figure 7.10 Control of P1 and F2, F
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Page 115 and 116: Unit 1: P, Q, F, Frequency, Voltage
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Unit 1: P, Q, F, Frequency, Voltage
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7.4.1 Unit 1 (F), Unit 2 (F), Impor
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Import From Grid, Setpoints are 10%
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Island, Setpoints are 10% and 90% o
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7.4.2 Unit 1 (F), Unit 2 (F), Expor
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Export to Grid, Setpoints are 10% a
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7.4.3 Unit 1 (F), Unit 2 (P), Impor
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7.4.4 Unit 1 (F), Unit 2 (P), Expor
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Chapter 8. Conclusions This work sh
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[14] Lasseter, R.,” Microgrids,
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