serikali ya mapinduzi zanzibar care tanzania and department

The area of Ngezi - Vumawimbi forest reserve is 20 sq. km. (1,975 ha.) (see Map 2
and Map 4). The forest falls within Kaskazini Pemba administrative Region in
Micheweni District. The study area was within four Shehias of Makangale, Kifundi
Konde and Msuka and covered ten villages of Kijijini, Jiwe Moja, Makangale
Tondooni, Mkia wa Ng'ombe, Bandari Kuu, Kiuyu Kipangani, Mji Mpya, Kiuyu kwa
Manda and Gombani Mtoni.
2.3 Accessibility
Ngezi - Vumawimbi forest can be reached by both road and sea. One can drive from
Wete, Micheweni or Chakechake to Ngezi via tarmac road passing through Konde
village to Kigomasha in northwest of Pemba. Konde is the main village boardering
the forest. One can also reach the forest via various small ports and landing stations in
places like Mkia wa Ng'ombe, Chokaani, Tondooni and Bandari Kuu.
2.4 Topography
Unlike Zanzibar Island, Pemba is hilly with undulating landscape occurring with
valleys some quite steep and dry river beds. The terrain in the forest area is undulating
with gentle slopes with few hillocks harbouring the moist forest. Altitude in Ngezi
forest ranges from sea level to around 20 meters a.s.l. on a small hill at Tondooni
along the way to Mkia wa Ng'ombe village. Most areas however, lie between 5 to 10
m a.s.l. (see the Digital Elevation Model Map 3).
2.5 Geology and hydrology
Zanzibar Island lies in continetal shelf surrounded with 35 - 50 meters deep water
while Pemba Island is surrounded by comparatively deep water of strong currents as
within few meters from the coast water depth change rapidly from 100 meters to 700 -
800 meters deep. This makes Pemba to fall into a class of "ancient continental
islands" as described by Wallace (1892) quoted in (Moreau and Pakenham 1941).
Towards the end of Miocene about 10 million years ago rift faulting occurred which
separated Pemba from the mainland. On the other hand Zanzibar separation from the
mainland is only recent during the Ice age that is under 500,000 years. This means
Pemba island animals have been isolated from crossing with their continental
congeners for at least 20 times as long as on Zanzibar.
Large part of Ngezi falls in Q2, charactersied by Quaternary coral line and reef
limestone. The Q2 of Pemba is lithologically similar to the Q2 of Zanzibar, but differs
in that the Pemba one is raised coral reef and unweathered to the extent of the
Zanzibar rock. It is an equally hard cherty limestone, buff to grey in colour. The
hydrogeology of Pemba's Q2 limestone is a coastal deposit occurring entirely within
the tidal area of the east coast. It has no hydrological significance. The geohydrology
of Pemba forms discontinuous perched aquifers, which fails seasonally. The water
quality is characterised by high Ec values and seawater invasion.
2.6 Soils
According to Beentje (1990), soils in Ngezi Forest can be grouped into four types:
• Clay soils: These cover the waterlogged areas near the “ponds” on the northern
border and along the streams within the sands
• Sandy loams and sand
• Red sandy loams found along the eastern perimeter
• Sand to very sandy loam that covers the greater part of the forest
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