serikali ya mapinduzi zanzibar care tanzania and department

Different animal groups occur in different habitat types. Although certain animals can
occur in a variety of habitats but there are habitats, which are more ideal for a species
or taxonomic group. Most mammals utilise the forest and thicket habitats as they
provide both sufficient food and cover. However some animals may occur in less
desirable habitats mainly due to loss of habitat or disturbances in the desirable areas.
The forest habitat is particularly important for primates and prosimians and also other
animal groups such as bushpigs, rodents, shrews, bats, amphibians and invertebrates.
The forest is the habitat that harbours a high diversity of species and animal groups.
Other habitat types tend to be supposedly ideal for limited number of animal groups
or species generally due to resources limitations and other environmental attributes.
Table 4.14: Distribution of different habitats in Ngezi - Vumawimbi forest reserves,
Pemba
Species F WG EL RP CR M MF FM MW
Zanzibar Red Colobus *
Pemba Blue Duiker * * *
Wild boar *
Galagos * * * * * *
Mongooses *
Shrews *
Bats * * * * * *
Vervet Monkeys * * * * * * * * *
Birds * * * * * * * * *
Reptiles * * * * * * * *
Amphibians * * * *
Molluscs * * * * *
Lepidoptera * * * * * * * * *
Odonata
Orthoptera
Legend: F = moist forest, WG = wooded grassland, EL = Erica bushland, RP = rubber
plantation, CR = coral rag, M = Maeopsis forest, MF = mangrove forest, FM = Farmland,
MW = marshes/wetlands
4.2.5 Animal movement and migration
Jozani forest and surrounding areas are remnants of the rain forest and receives a
substantial amount of rain during the long and short rains. As such variation in
environmental parameters like humidity and temperature variation is low (UNEP,
2001). This tends to make the seasonal differences minimal. Most of the forest
remains evergreen. Plants produce fresh leaves, flowers and fruits for most of the year
depending on phenology. Animals therefore are able to get their requirements in the
same area for most of the year. Some animals in search of food and shelter or water
exhibit daily, short-term movements. In certain situations animals are forced to move
from one area to another due to human disturbances such as hunting. These
movements are generally confined within the forest area or may extend outside in
some places for certain species. For most species particularly large mammals, heavily
hunted and shy animals, areas outside protected areas are encroached and disturbed
hence do not form favourable habitat for the animals. The local people reported no
specific movement routes for the animals.
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